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Vergleichende Analyse von Länderarbeitsmärkten : Länderstudie Schleswig-Holstein

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  • Niebuhr, Annekatrin
  • Kotte, Volker

Abstract

Im Rahmen des Projekts "Vergleichende Analyse von Länderarbeitsmärkten" (VALA) analysiert das regionale Forschungsnetz des IAB die Ursachen regionaler Disparitäten, indem Einflussfaktoren des Beschäftigungswachstums auf der Ebene von Bundesländern, Kreisen und siedlungsstrukturellen Gebietstypen identifiziert werden. Als Determinanten des regionalen Beschäftigungswachstums werden allgemeine ökonomische Faktoren wie das Lohnniveau, die Branchenstruktur, die Qualifikation der Beschäftigten und die Betriebsgrößenstruktur der Region ebenso berücksichtigt wie standortspezifische Einflüsse. Die Resultate für Schleswig-Holstein zeigen, dass das Land in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten tief greifende strukturelle Veränderungen durchlaufen hat. Der Strukturwandel war mit einer umfassenden Modernisierung der Wirtschaftsstruktur des Landes verbunden. Dennoch ist die Region nach wie vor durch einen Mangel an exportorientierten, forschungs- und wissensintensiven Unternehmen gekennzeichnet. Im Untersuchungszeitraum der Regressionsanalyse nahm Schleswig-Holstein in der Wachstumshierarchie der westdeutschen Regionen eine Position im unteren Mittelfeld ein. In den letzten Jahren ist das Land weiter zurückgefallen. Zwischen 2001 und 2004 ist die Zahl der sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten um 4,8% gesunken. Damit hatte Schleswig-Holstein einen deutlich stärkeren Rückgang zu verkraften als die westdeutschen Länder im Mittel (-3,8%). Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung weisen darauf hin, dass die Entwicklungshemmnisse des Landes weniger in der Branchen- und Betriebsgrößenstruktur liegen als vielmehr in den geringen FuE-Aktivitäten und der schwachen Exportorientierung der Wirtschaft. Kritisch ist darüber hinaus vor allem der für Schleswig-Holstein ermittelte negative Qualifikationseffekt zu beurteilen, der auf ein schwerwiegendes Defizit in der Humankapitalausstattung hinweist. Positiv für das Beschäftigungswachstum in Schleswig-Holstein könnte das relativ niedrigen Lohnniveau sein. (IAB2)

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  • Niebuhr, Annekatrin & Kotte, Volker, 2005. "Vergleichende Analyse von Länderarbeitsmärkten : Länderstudie Schleswig-Holstein," IAB-Regional. Berichte und Analysen aus dem Regionalen Forschungsnetz. IAB Nord 200502, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    • Handle: RePEc:iab:iabrno:200502
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    1. Schrader, Klaus & Laaser, Claus-Friedrich & Soltwedel, Rüdiger & Bickenbach, Frank & Sichelschmidt, Henning & Wolf, Hartmut, 2008. "Neue Wege der Kooperation: Schleswig-Holstein und Hamburg in einer gemeinsamen Wirtschaftsregion," Kieler Beiträge zur Wirtschaftspolitik 1, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).

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