IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/has/discpr/2001.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

On the Shapley value of liability games

Author

Listed:
  • Peter Csoka

    (Department of Finance, Corvinus University of Budapest and Centre for Economic and Regional Studies)

  • Ferenc Illes

    (Department of Finance, Corvinus University of Budapest)

  • Tamas Solymosi

    (Department of Operations Research and Actuarial Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapestand Centre for Economic and Regional Studies)

Abstract

In a liability problem, the asset value of aninsolvent firm must be distributed among the creditors and the firm itself, when the firm has some freedom in negotiating with the creditors. We model the negotiations using cooperative game theory and analyze the Shapley value to resolve such liability problems. We establish three main monotonicity properties of the Shapley value. First, creditors can only benefit from the increase in their claims or of the asset value. Second, the firm can only benefit from the increase of a claim but can end up with more or with less if the asset value increases, depending on the configuration of small and large liabilities. Third, creditors with larger claims benefit more from the increase of the asset value.Even though liability games are constant-sum games and we show that the Shapley value can be calculated directly from a liability problem, we prove that calculating the Shapley payoff to the firm is NP-hard.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Csoka & Ferenc Illes & Tamas Solymosi, 2020. "On the Shapley value of liability games," CERS-IE WORKING PAPERS 2001, Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies.
    • Handle: RePEc:has:discpr:2001
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mtakti.hu/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/CERSIEWP202001.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bas Dietzenbacher & Peter Borm & Arantza Estévez-Fernández, 2020. "NTU-bankruptcy problems: consistency and the relative adjustment principle," Review of Economic Design, Springer;Society for Economic Design, vol. 24(1), pages 101-122, June.
    2. Gustavo Bergantiños & Silvia Lorenzo-Freire, 2008. "A characterization of optimistic weighted Shapley rules in minimum cost spanning tree problems," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 35(3), pages 523-538, June.
    3. Nimrod Megiddo, 1978. "Computational Complexity of the Game Theory Approach to Cost Allocation for a Tree," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 3(3), pages 189-196, August.
    4. Thomson, William, 2015. "Axiomatic and game-theoretic analysis of bankruptcy and taxation problems: An update," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 41-59.
    5. Guni Orshan & Federico Valenciano & José M. Zarzuelo, 2003. "The Bilateral Consistent Prekernel, the Core, and NTU Bankruptcy Problems," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 28(2), pages 268-282, May.
    6. Arantza Estévez-Fernández & Peter Borm & M. Gloria Fiestras-Janeiro, 2020. "Nontransferable utility bankruptcy games," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 28(1), pages 154-177, April.
    7. Yang Cai & Ozan Candogan & Constantinos Daskalakis & Christos Papadimitriou, 2016. "Zero-Sum Polymatrix Games: A Generalization of Minmax," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 41(2), pages 648-655, May.
    8. Balog, Dóra & Bátyi, Tamás László & Csóka, Péter & Pintér, Miklós, 2017. "Properties and comparison of risk capital allocation methods," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 259(2), pages 614-625.
    9. Kohlberg, Elon & Neyman, Abraham, 2018. "Games of threats," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 139-145.
    10. SCHMEIDLER, David, 1969. "The nucleolus of a characteristic function game," LIDAM Reprints CORE 44, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    11. William Thomson, 2013. "Game-Theoretic Analysis Of Bankruptcy And Taxation Problems: Recent Advances," International Game Theory Review (IGTR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 15(03), pages 1-14.
    12. S. C. Littlechild & G. Owen, 1973. "A Simple Expression for the Shapley Value in a Special Case," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 20(3), pages 370-372, November.
    13. Anna B. Khmelnitskaya, 2003. "Shapley value for constant-sum games," International Journal of Game Theory, Springer;Game Theory Society, vol. 32(2), pages 223-227, December.
    14. Nowak, Andrzej S & Radzik, Tadeusz, 1994. "A Solidarity Value for n-Person Transferable Utility Games," International Journal of Game Theory, Springer;Game Theory Society, vol. 23(1), pages 43-48.
    15. Daniel Granot & Jeroen Kuipers & Sunil Chopra, 2002. "Cost Allocation for a Tree Network with Heterogeneous Customers," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 27(4), pages 647-661, November.
    16. Bergantinos, Gustavo & Lorenzo-Freire, Silvia, 2008. ""Optimistic" weighted Shapley rules in minimum cost spanning tree problems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 185(1), pages 289-298, February.
    17. Bilbao, J.M. & Ordóñez, M., 2009. "Axiomatizations of the Shapley value for games on augmenting systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 196(3), pages 1008-1014, August.
    18. Xiaotie Deng & Christos H. Papadimitriou, 1994. "On the Complexity of Cooperative Solution Concepts," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 19(2), pages 257-266, May.
    19. Pradeep Dubey, 1982. "The Shapley Value as Aircraft Landing Fees--Revisited," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 28(8), pages 869-874, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Nguyen, Tri-Dung, 2024. "Game of banks - biform game theoretical framework for ATM network cost sharing," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 316(3), pages 1158-1178.
    2. Wei Li & Wolfgang Karl Hardle & Stefan Lessmann, 2022. "A Data-driven Case-based Reasoning in Bankruptcy Prediction," Papers 2211.00921, arXiv.org.
    3. Munich, Léa, 2024. "Schedule situations and their cooperative game theoretic representations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 316(2), pages 767-778.
    4. Léa Munich, 2023. "Schedule Situations and their Cooperative Game Theoretic Representations," Working Papers 2023-08, CRESE.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dietzenbacher, Bas, 2018. "Bankruptcy games with nontransferable utility," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 16-21.
    2. B. Dietzenbacher & A. Estévez-Fernández & P. Borm & R. Hendrickx, 2021. "Proportionality, equality, and duality in bankruptcy problems with nontransferable utility," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 301(1), pages 65-80, June.
    3. Peter Borm & Herbert Hamers & Ruud Hendrickx, 2001. "Operations research games: A survey," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 9(2), pages 139-199, December.
    4. Bas Dietzenbacher & Peter Borm & Arantza Estévez-Fernández, 2020. "NTU-bankruptcy problems: consistency and the relative adjustment principle," Review of Economic Design, Springer;Society for Economic Design, vol. 24(1), pages 101-122, June.
    5. Bergantiños, Gustavo & Vidal-Puga, Juan, 2020. "Cooperative games for minimum cost spanning tree problems," MPRA Paper 104911, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Kuipers, Jeroen & Mosquera, Manuel A. & Zarzuelo, José M., 2013. "Sharing costs in highways: A game theoretic approach," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 228(1), pages 158-168.
    7. Bergantiños, Gustavo & Lorenzo, Leticia & Lorenzo-Freire, Silvia, 2011. "A generalization of obligation rules for minimum cost spanning tree problems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 211(1), pages 122-129, May.
    8. Tamas Solymosi & Balazs Sziklai, 2015. "Universal Characterization Sets for the Nucleolus in Balanced Games," CERS-IE WORKING PAPERS 1512, Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies.
    9. Christian Trudeau, 2023. "Minimum cost spanning tree problems as value sharing problems," International Journal of Game Theory, Springer;Game Theory Society, vol. 52(1), pages 253-272, March.
    10. Bas Dietzenbacher & Hans Peters, 2022. "Characterizing NTU-bankruptcy rules using bargaining axioms," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 318(2), pages 871-888, November.
    11. Trudeau, Christian & Vidal-Puga, Juan, 2020. "Clique games: A family of games with coincidence between the nucleolus and the Shapley value," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 8-14.
    12. René Brink & P. Herings & Gerard Laan & A. Talman, 2015. "The Average Tree permission value for games with a permission tree," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 58(1), pages 99-123, January.
    13. Daniel Granot & Jeroen Kuipers & Sunil Chopra, 2002. "Cost Allocation for a Tree Network with Heterogeneous Customers," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 27(4), pages 647-661, November.
    14. Csóka, Péter & Jean-Jacques Herings, P., 2019. "Liability games," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 260-268.
    15. Elena Iñarra & Roberto Serrano & Ken-Ichi Shimomura, 2020. "The Nucleolus, the Kernel, and the Bargaining Set: An Update," Revue économique, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 71(2), pages 225-266.
    16. Potters, Jos & Sudholter, Peter, 1999. "Airport problems and consistent allocation rules," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 83-102, July.
    17. R. Pablo Arribillaga & G. Bergantiños, 2022. "Cooperative and axiomatic approaches to the knapsack allocation problem," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 318(2), pages 805-830, November.
    18. Fatemeh Babaei & Hamidreza Navidi & Stefano Moretti, 2022. "A bankruptcy approach to solve the fixed cost allocation problem in transport systems," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 30(2), pages 332-358, July.
    19. Juan Aparicio & Joaquín Sánchez-Soriano, 2008. "Depreciation games," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 158(1), pages 205-218, February.
    20. René Brink, 2017. "Games with a permission structure - A survey on generalizations and applications," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 25(1), pages 1-33, April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Game theory; Shapley value; constant-sum game; liability game; insolvency;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C71 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Cooperative Games
    • C78 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Bargaining Theory; Matching Theory

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:has:discpr:2001. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Nora Horvath (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/iehashu.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.