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How well does the aggregate demand–aggregate supply framework explain unemployment fluctuations? A France–United States comparison

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  • Yann Algan

    (ECON - Département d'économie (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, UC San Diego - University of California [San Diego] - UC - University of California)

Abstract

This paper reviews the ability of the traditional aggregate demand–aggregate supply framework to explain the unemployment fluctuations of the last three decades. A structural VAR model for the growth rates of labor productivity, inflation and unemployment is estimated on American and French data. By using long-run identifying restrictions, unemployment fluctuations are associated with conventional aggregate demand and aggregate supply shocks and with a supplementary residual innovation. One key finding is that the residual shock is far more significant in France than in the United States. The traditional macroeconomic synthesis proves then to be well suited for the American labor market while it leaves unexplained a large part of the French unemployment drift. This result questions the conventional prior that the heterogeneity in unemployment experiences lies in the magnitude of aggregate shocks or in their propagation mechanisms and calls for alternative explanations.

Suggested Citation

  • Yann Algan, 2002. "How well does the aggregate demand–aggregate supply framework explain unemployment fluctuations? A France–United States comparison," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03596383, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-03596383
    DOI: 10.1016/S0264-9993(00)00068-7
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    2. Zhao, Ningru & Shi, Yukun & Sun, Yang & Miao, Jiaming, 2020. "Aggregate labor market fluctuations under news shocks," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 397-405.
    3. M. Hakan Berument & Nukhet Dogan & Aysit Tansel, 2009. "Macroeconomic Policy and Unemployment by Economic Activity: Evidence from Turkey," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(3), pages 21-34, May.
    4. Luis Eduardo Arango & Ana María Iregui & Luis Fernando Melo, 2003. "Recent Behavior of Output, Unemployment, Wages and Prices in Colombia:What went Wrong?," Borradores de Economia 249, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    5. Holmlund, Bertil & Alexius, Annika, 2008. "Monetary Policy and Swedish Unemployment Fluctuations," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 2, pages 1-25.
    6. Andrea Vaona, 2015. "Anomalous empirical evidence on money long-run super-neutrality and the vertical long-run Phillips curve," Working Papers 17/2015, University of Verona, Department of Economics.
    7. Luis Eduardo Arango & IREGUI, Ana María & MELO, Luis F., 2006. "Recent macroeconomic performance in colombia: what went wrong?," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, June.
    8. Augustine C Osigwe & Kenneth O Ahamba, 2016. "Macroeconomic conditions and unemployment in Nigeria," Journal of Economic and Financial Studies (JEFS), LAR Center Press, vol. 4(6), pages 21-28, December.
    9. Hakan Berument & Nukhet Dogan & Aysit Tansel, 2004. "Economic Performance and Unemployment: Evidence from an Emerging Economy - Turkey," Working Papers 0409, Economic Research Forum, revised 01 Aug 2004.
    10. Valadkhani, Abbas & Smyth, Russell, 2015. "Switching and asymmetric behaviour of the Okun coefficient in the US: Evidence for the 1948–2015 period," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 281-290.

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