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Les mesures fiscales d'incitation au travail des personnes non qualifiées

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  • Hélène Périvier

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract

Les taux de chômage élevés qui persistent dans plusieurs pays européens (annexe I, tableau 1) ont été analysés de nombreuses fois. Plusieurs explications ont été avancées : faible croissance en raison notamment de politiques économiques peu appropriées, effet des mutations technologiques, rigidités du marché du travail, manque d'incitation à la prise d'un emploi et donc insuffisance de l'offre de travail. Ce dernier point a fait l'objet de nombreux débats en France depuis le milieu des années 1990. Le système fiscalo-social modifie la distribution des revenus entre les ménages. Ainsi, une hausse des ressources d'activité d'un individu augmente les prélèvements qu'il supporte et réduit les prestations sociales dont il bénéficie. Les gains au travail sont réduits d'autant plus que le dispositif est généreux. Il est donc susceptible de réduire l'offre de travail. Ceci concerne surtout les personnes qui, étant donné leurs qualifications, ne peuvent obtenir qu'une faible rémunération sur le marché du travail. Cette population souffre d'un taux d'emploi et d'un taux d'activité nettement plus faible que celui des individus plus qualifiés (annexe I, tableau 3 et 4). Son taux de chômage est plus élevé que celui des personnes qualifiées quel que soit le pays considéré (...).

Suggested Citation

  • Hélène Périvier, 2003. "Les mesures fiscales d'incitation au travail des personnes non qualifiées," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-01019470, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-01019470
    DOI: 10.3917/reof.087.0281
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01019470
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    References listed on IDEAS

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