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The Contribution of Social Currencies to Microfinance: The Case of the Brazilian Community Development Banks
[L’apport des monnaies sociales à la microfinance : le cas des banques communautaires de développement brésiliennes]

Author

Listed:
  • Tristan Dissaux

    (TRIANGLE - Triangle : action, discours, pensée politique et économique - ENS de Lyon - École normale supérieure de Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - IEP Lyon - Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Camille Meyer

    (Centre Emile Bernheim - ULB - Université libre de Bruxelles - SBS-EM)

Abstract

La microfinance a acquis, depuis sa large diffusion au milieu des années 1990, une place importante dans les stratégies de réduction de la pauvreté. La dernière décennie a néanmoins vu la portée de sa principale technique financière, le microcrédit, relativisée voire remise en cause. Celui-ci souffrirait en effet d'un certain nombre de limites et, dans certains cas, pourrait même être dommageable à ceux qui sont censés en bénéficier. Après un état des lieux de la microfinance au Brésil et avoir rappelé les limites de l'outil microcrédit, nous nous intéresserons à une adaptation particulière du modèle microfinancier, celle mise en œuvre par les banques communautaires de développement brésiliennes, dont on en compte aujourd'hui plus d'une centaine sur l'ensemble du territoire. Une des principales innovations de ces organisations de la société civile est de coupler le microcrédit à l'émission d'une monnaie sociale, dont l'usage – en complément du réal brésilien – est circonscrit au territoire local. Nous verrons ce qu'apportent ces monnaies et dans quelle mesure elles viennent répondre à certaines des limites du microcrédit, à travers l'exemple de la Banque Palmas, fondatrice de ce modèle de finance solidaire. Non seulement outils économiques mais surtout constructions sociales, ces monnaies participent à un développement endogène et peuvent être le vecteur d'une coconstruction des politiques de réduction de la pauvreté.

Suggested Citation

  • Tristan Dissaux & Camille Meyer, 2016. "The Contribution of Social Currencies to Microfinance: The Case of the Brazilian Community Development Banks [L’apport des monnaies sociales à la microfinance : le cas des banques communautaires de," Post-Print halshs-01463006, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01463006
    DOI: 10.3917/ecofi.124.0313
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01463006
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Camille Meyer, 2015. "La pluralité des logiques d’action de la Banque Palmas au Brésil : entre développement local et partenariats au niveau national," Revue française de socio-Economie, La découverte, vol. 0(1), pages 59-76.
    2. Guérin, Isabelle & Labie, Marc & Servet, Jean-Michel (ed.), 2015. "The Crises of Microcredit," University of Chicago Press Economics Books, University of Chicago Press, number 9781783603756, Febrero.
    3. François Doligez & Johan Bastiaensen & Florent Bédécarrats & Marc Labie, 2016. "L’inclusion financière, nouvel avatar de la libéralisation financière ?. Introduction," Revue Tiers-Monde, Armand Colin, vol. 0(1), pages 9-20.
    4. Marie Fare & Carlos de Freitas & Camille Meyer, 2015. "Territorial development and community currencies : symbolic meanings in Brazilian community development banks," Post-Print halshs-01133343, HAL.
    5. Jérôme Blanc, 2006. "Les monnaies sociales : un outil et ses limites. Introduction générale," Post-Print halshs-00085784, HAL.
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    Keywords

    microfinance; monnaies sociales; banques communautaires de développement; Brésil;
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