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De gré ou de force : le microcrédit comme dispositif néolibéral

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  • Cyril Fouillet
  • Isabelle Guérin
  • Solène Morvant-Roux
  • Jean-Michel Servet

Abstract

The microcredit sector has been hit by several default crises in the past few years. Based on field work in India, Morocco, and the Dominican Republic, this article shows that these crises have in no way weakened one of the myths at their root: the belief in a self-regulating market. Growth remains the priority (with varying degrees according to the context), which translates into actively seeking clients (it is not so much a matter of meeting demand but rather of creating it) and focusing on a very limited segment of the population, i.e. clients who have already proved successful. Analyzing these crises in terms of political economy also allows viewing microcredit in the context of the evolution of so-called ?development? policies focused on financial inclusion. By norming the behavior of populations, microcredit proves to be a neoliberal device, in Michel Foucault?s sense of the word.

Suggested Citation

  • Cyril Fouillet & Isabelle Guérin & Solène Morvant-Roux & Jean-Michel Servet, 2016. "De gré ou de force : le microcrédit comme dispositif néolibéral," Revue Tiers-Monde, Armand Colin, vol. 0(1), pages 21-48.
    • Handle: RePEc:cai:rtmarc:rtm_225_0021
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    1. Abhijit V. Banerjee & Benjamin Moll, 2010. "Why Does Misallocation Persist?," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 2(1), pages 189-206, January.
    2. Morvant-Roux, Solène & Guérin, Isabelle & Roesch, Marc & Moisseron, Jean-Yves, 2014. "Adding Value to Randomization with Qualitative Analysis: The Case of Microcredit in Rural Morocco," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 302-312.
    3. D’Espallier, Bert & Hudon, Marek & Szafarz, Ariane, 2013. "Unsubsidized microfinance institutions," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 120(2), pages 174-176.
    4. Guérin, Isabelle & Labie, Marc & Servet, Jean-Michel (ed.), 2015. "The Crises of Microcredit," University of Chicago Press Economics Books, University of Chicago Press, number 9781783603756, Febrero.
    5. Stiglitz, Joseph E & Weiss, Andrew, 1981. "Credit Rationing in Markets with Imperfect Information," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(3), pages 393-410, June.
    6. Isabelle Gu�rin & Bert D'Espallier & Govindan Venkatasubramanian, 2013. "Debt in Rural South India: Fragmentation, Social Regulation and Discrimination," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(9), pages 1155-1171, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Isabelle Guérin & Magdalena Isaurralde & Mariam Sangaré, 2018. "Faire du business pour le social ou grâce au social : l’exemple de l’inclusion financière," Post-Print ird-02112865, HAL.

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