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Pouvoirs et monnaie durant la seconde guerre mondiale en France : la monnaie subordonnée au politique

Author

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  • Jérôme Blanc

    (LEFI - Laboratoire d'Economie de la Firme et des Institutions - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2)

Abstract

La façon dont la monnaie a été transformée durant la seconde Guerre mondiale en France est exemplaire d'une subordination du monétaire au politique. Trois systèmes de pouvoir se déploient : la puissance occupante, le régime de Vichy et celui de la France Libre. Chacun tend à s'assurer la maîtrise de l'institution monétaire : essentiellement par le compte et le régime de monnayage pour le premier, établissant les conditions de drainage des ressources françaises au service de l'Allemagne ; uniquement par les moyens de paiement pour le second, qui de ce fait ne parvient qu'à restaurer une souveraineté monétaire nominale ; et par cet ensemble d'éléments pour le troisième, qui parvient, au bout de plusieurs années, à restaurer une souveraineté monétaire réelle. Là se jouent deux types de crises monétaires : une première est liée à la subordination conflictuelle du régime de Vichy à l'occupant allemand, et se fonde centralement sur un conflit relatif au monnayage ; une seconde est liée à l'articulation conflictuelle des gouvernements de la Libération avec les alliées anglo-saxons, et se fonde centralement sur un conflit relatif aux moyens de paiement.

Suggested Citation

  • Jérôme Blanc, 2008. "Pouvoirs et monnaie durant la seconde guerre mondiale en France : la monnaie subordonnée au politique," Post-Print halshs-00652826, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00652826
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00652826
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