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Le retour de l’économie keynésienne

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  • Xavier Ragot

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po, ECON - Département d'économie (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Les modèles macroéconomiques standards utilisés avant la crise, qualifiés de néokeynésiens, reposent sur la notion de taux d'intérêt naturel plutôt que de demande effective. Or les développements récents de la théorie macroéconomique modélisent de manière bien plus réaliste le fonctionnement du marché des biens et services et le fonctionnement du marché du travail. Ces modèles retrouvent les intuitions keynésiennes – sous-consommation, paradoxe de l'épargne – dans des cadres qui permettent une confrontation plus rigoureuse aux données. Le caractère keynésien ou néoclassique de l'économie ne devrait pas être un enjeu politique ou théorique, mais plutôt un enjeu empirique. À cet égard, des résultats économétriques récents indiquent par exemple que l'économie américaine se comporte de manière keynésienne dans les grandes crises et de manière non keynésienne dans les crises de moindre amplitude, ce qui devrait guider la politique économique.

Suggested Citation

  • Xavier Ragot, 2016. "Le retour de l’économie keynésienne," Post-Print hal-03469978, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03469978
    DOI: 10.3917/ecofi.121.0173
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-03469978
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Keynesian; Policy makers; Keynes intuition;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E12 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E13 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Neoclassical
    • E17 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications

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