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Le Syndrome hollandais dans les DOM est-il toujours d'actualité ?

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  • Zoulfikar Mehoumoud Issop

    (CEMOI - Centre d'Économie et de Management de l'Océan Indien - UR - Université de La Réunion)

Abstract

Soixante-dix ans de départementalisation des quatre départements historiques d'Outre-Mer (La Réunion, Guadeloupe, Martinique et Guyane) ont permis indéniablement un développement économique majeur de ces territoires1. Or, s'il existe bien dans les DOM une dynamique de création de valeur par les entreprises privées, celle-ci est essentiellement tournée vers le marché intérieur, avec une grande part de la valeur ajoutée régionale provenant des secteurs des services (surtout la santé, l'enseignement, les banques et assurances, ....), et de l'import-substitution dans l'industrie locale (surtout agro-alimentaire), mais pas suffisamment vers le marché extérieur (exportations de biens ou de services, comme le tourisme, etc.). Ainsi, peu d'entreprises domiennes sont intégrées dans des maillons de chaines de valeurs mondiales et en particulier dans celui des services ne profitant pas ainsi des formidables opportunités offertes par la mondialisation. La faible orientation vers les exportations des économies domiennes et, notamment, vers le tourisme, est considérée depuis très longtemps par de nombreux économistes comme une conséquence du syndrome hollandais arguant que la manne financière issue des transferts financiers de la métropole évince l'activité du secteur ouvert. Nous allons dans cette note revenir sur cette explication souvent avancée pour expliquer la faiblesse du développement des DOM, mobiliser la littérature récente sur le sujet et faire appel aux données récentes pour déduire si les manifestations de ce syndrome y sont encore présentes.

Suggested Citation

  • Zoulfikar Mehoumoud Issop, 2016. "Le Syndrome hollandais dans les DOM est-il toujours d'actualité ?," Post-Print hal-01618689, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01618689
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.univ-reunion.fr/hal-01618689
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    References listed on IDEAS

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