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Les configurations d'aide familiales mobilisées autour des personnes âgées dépendantes en Europe

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  • Roméo Fontaine

    (IRDES - Institut de Recherche et Documentation en Economie de la Santé - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Fondation Médéric Alzheimer, Legos - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion des Organisations de Santé - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres)

  • Agnès Gramain

    (BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Legos - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion des Organisations de Santé - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres)

  • Jérôme Wittwer

    (ISPED - Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement - Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Legos - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion des Organisations de Santé - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres)

Abstract

Le présent article a été en partie nourri par les réfl exions et discussions menées dans le cadre de l'équipe de recherche MEDIPS. Les auteurs tiennent à remercier les différents membres de l'équipe ainsi que les participants du séminaire organisé à l'Irdes pour l'élabora-tion de ce numéro spécial et les deux relecteurs anonymes pour leurs remarques constructives L'enquête Share permet d'étudier l'aide apportée par leurs enfants aux personnes dépen-dantes âgées d'au moins 65 ans, dans les pays d'Europe. Comment les comportements individuels s'articulent-ils pour donner lieu à des confi gurations d'aide familiales ? Deux modalités d'implication sont envisagées, selon que les enfants cohabitent ou non avec leur parent dépendant. La proportion de personnes âgées dépendantes recevant un sou-tien de leur entourage, sous une forme ou sous l'autre, est remarquablement homogène : de 79 % en Suède et aux Pays-Bas à 87 % en Italie. Dans les pays du Nord, la moindre cohabitation inter-générationnelle est en effet compensée par une aide plus fréquente des enfants non cohabitants. Dans les six pays étudiés ici, l'implication des enfants est plus forte lorsque le degré de dépendance du parent est plus élevé et lorsqu'il n'a pas de conjoint. Cependant, le gradient Nord-Sud se retrouve dans la manière dont les enfants s'adaptent à l'absence de conjoint auprès de leur parent dépendant : accroissement de la cohabitation des fi lles au Sud, accroissement de l'aide « à distance » des fi ls comme des fi lles au Nord. La présence d'un conjoint auprès du parent dépendant semble modifi er les logiques d'im-plication des enfants. Si le parent dépendant bénéfi cie de l'aide de son conjoint, l'implica-tion des enfants relève de décisions individuelles conduisant à une probabilité de soutien croissante avec le nombre d'enfants. L'implication auprès des parents sans conjoint relè-verait au contraire d'une logique de fratrie visant à leur assurer une probabilité de soutien identique quel que soit le nombre de leurs enfants. Dans les fratries de deux enfants dont le parent est seul, une interaction asymétrique se dessine entre les comportements de l'aîné et du cadet. En moyenne, l'implication du cadet dépendrait de celle de l'aîné (la probabilité de s'impliquer du cadet serait plus faible si l'aîné s'implique lui-même), mais non l'inverse.

Suggested Citation

  • Roméo Fontaine & Agnès Gramain & Jérôme Wittwer, 2007. "Les configurations d'aide familiales mobilisées autour des personnes âgées dépendantes en Europe," Post-Print hal-01391611, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01391611
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01391611
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Thomas Barnay & Sandrine Juin, 2014. "Does care to dependent elderly people living at home increase their mental health?," TEPP Working Paper 2014-06, TEPP.
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    4. Pestieau, Pierre & Ponthiere, Gregory, 2016. "Long-term care and births timing," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 340-357.
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    6. Catherine Pollak & Nicolas Sirven, 2011. "The social economy of ageing : Job quality and pathways beyond the labour market in Europe," Post-Print halshs-00639928, HAL.
    7. Bonnet, Carole & Gobillon, Laurent & Laferrère, Anne, 2010. "The effect of widowhood on housing and location choices," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 94-108, June.
    8. Thomas Barnay & Carine Franc & Florence Jusot, 2015. "Introduction : La santé et les soins : prise en charge, déterminants sociaux, conséquences professionnelles," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 475(1), pages 17-29.
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    10. Thomas Barnay & Carine Franc & Florence Jusot, 2015. "Introduction générale. La santé et les soins : prise en charge, déterminants sociaux, conséquences professionnelles," Post-Print hal-02431053, HAL.
    11. Roméo Fontaine & Agnès Gramain & Jérôme Wittwer, 2009. "Providing care for an elderly parent: interactions among siblings?," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 18(9), pages 1011-1029, September.
    12. Barnay, Thomas & Juin, Sandrine, 2016. "Does home care for dependent elderly people improve their mental health?," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 149-160.
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    14. Franck Bien & Arnold Chassagnon & Manuel Plisson, 2011. "Est-il rationnel de ne pas s'assurer contre la dépendance ?," Revue française d'économie, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(4), pages 161-199.
    15. Agnès Gramain & Jérôme Wittwer, 2010. "Prise en charge des personnes âgées dépendantes : quels enjeux économiques ?," Post-Print halshs-00705568, HAL.
    16. Bonnet, Carole & Gobillon, Laurent & Laferrère, Anne, 2010. "The effect of widowhood on housing and location choices," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 94-108, June.

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