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Structure bancaire locale et évolution du crédit à l'échelle des départements français : l'expérience de la crise financière de 2007-2008

Author

Listed:
  • Céline Meslier-Crouzille

    (LAPE - Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Prospective Economique - GIO - Gouvernance des Institutions et des Organisations - UNILIM - Université de Limoges)

  • Philippe Rous

    (LAPE - Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Prospective Economique - GIO - Gouvernance des Institutions et des Organisations - UNILIM - Université de Limoges)

  • Alain Sauviat

    (LAPE - Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Prospective Economique - GIO - Gouvernance des Institutions et des Organisations - UNILIM - Université de Limoges)

  • Pascale Torre

    (LAPE - Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Prospective Economique - GIO - Gouvernance des Institutions et des Organisations - UNILIM - Université de Limoges)

Abstract

Cette étude constitue la première analyse de l'impact des caractéristiques structurelles bancaires sur l'évolution des encours de crédit appréciés au niveau départemental dans le cas français. Elle repose sur l'exploitation de données originales issues des Centralisations Financières Territoriales collectées mensuellement par la Banque de France et utilise la crise financière internationale de 2007-2008 comme une expérience naturelle d'un choc global frappant l'ensemble des banques exerçant sur le territoire français. Les réactions des systèmes bancaires locaux à cette crise financière sont identifiées pour chaque département par la date et l'intensité de la rupture constatée dans l'évolution des encours de crédit. Ces réactions sont ensuite expliquées par les caractéristiques structurelles des marchés bancaires locaux en mettant un accent particulier sur l'identification d'un rôle spécifique des banques régionales par rapport aux banques nationales, en termes de proximité géographique et relationnelle. Les résultats montrent qu'une part de marché des banques régionales plus forte dans un département peut effectivement favoriser la résistance à la crise mais les résultats sont très dépendants de l'inclusion ou non de l'Ile-de-France dans l'échantillon retenu. C'est, en fait, la construction originale d'une variable de dispersion spatiale moyenne des banques régionales présentes dans un département donné qui apporte les enseignements les plus stables. Plus le périmètre géographique moyen des banques régionales est faible, plus la rupture dans la distribution des crédits, à l'ensemble des agents ou aux seules entreprises, est atténuée, ce qui révèle un impact favorable de la proximité et du relationship-lending en cas de crise.

Suggested Citation

  • Céline Meslier-Crouzille & Philippe Rous & Alain Sauviat & Pascale Torre, 2016. "Structure bancaire locale et évolution du crédit à l'échelle des départements français : l'expérience de la crise financière de 2007-2008," Post-Print hal-01134834, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01134834
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    Cited by:

    1. Meslier, Céline & Sauviat, Alain & Yuan, Dian, 2020. "Comparative advantages of regional versus national banks in alleviating SME's financial constraints," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Banques régionales; Marchés bancaires locaux; Crédit; Crise financière; Distance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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