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Water Pricing and Social Equity in Portuguese Municipalities

Author

Listed:
  • Rita Martins

    (GEMF/Faculdade de Economia, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Carlota Quintal

    (Faculdade de Economia, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Eduardo Barata

    (GEMF/Faculdade de Economia, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Luís Cruz

    (GEMF/Faculdade de Economia, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal)

Abstract

Water supply services are Services of General Interest (SGI), subject to specific public service obligations, such as universality, continuity, quality, affordability, transparency, and consumer protection. There is an extensive empirical literature on the design of optimal prices. However, these contributions tend to neglect the issue of universal service and equity concerning the volume of water for basic needs (the ‘essential minimum quantity’). Addressing this gap in the literature, and using empirical data for the Portuguese municipalities, this paper aims to evaluate whether income-related equity considerations are embodied in water supply Portuguese municipalities’ tariffs. Accordingly, essential minimum quantities of water for representative households are computed, and then compared with the lowest tariff block’s upper limit by water utility. Next, representative households are ranked by costs underlying essential minimum quantities and by income. This analysis also considers concentration curves and indexes which show that water bills are regressive, i.e., there is socioeconomic inequity favourable to the better-off representative households.

Suggested Citation

  • Rita Martins & Carlota Quintal & Eduardo Barata & Luís Cruz, 2010. "Water Pricing and Social Equity in Portuguese Municipalities," GEMF Working Papers 2010-17, GEMF, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra.
    • Handle: RePEc:gmf:wpaper:2010-17
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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