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Flying geese or sitting ducks: China’s impact on the trading fortunes of other Asian economies

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This paper updates our earlier work (Ahearne, Fernald, Loungani and Schindler, 2003) on whether China, with its huge pool of labor and an allegedly undervalued exchange rate, is hurting the export performance of other emerging market economies in Asia. We continue to find that while exchange rates matter for export performance, the income growth of trading partners matters far more. This suggests the potential for exports of all Asian economies to grow in harmony as long as global growth is strong. We also examine changes in export shares of Asian economies to the U.S. market and find evidence that dramatic changes in shares are taking place. Many of these changes are consistent with a 'flying geese' pattern in which China moves into the product space vacated by the Asian NIEs or with greater integration of trade across Asia in the production of final goods. Nevertheless, China?s dramatic gains in recent years do increase the pressure on Asian economies, particularly in ASEAN and South Asia, to seek areas of comparative advantage.

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  • Alan G. Ahearne & John G. Fernald & Prakash Loungani & John W. Schindler, 2006. "Flying geese or sitting ducks: China’s impact on the trading fortunes of other Asian economies," International Finance Discussion Papers 887, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgif:887
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    3. Shin-ichi Fukuda, 2010. "The Rise of China and the Sustained Recovery of Japan," Chapters, in: Takatoshi Ito & Chin Hee Hahn (ed.), The Rise of China and Structural Changes in Korea and Asia, chapter 9, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    4. Carolan, Terrie & Mora, Jesse & Singh, Nirvikar, 2012. "Trade Dynamics in the East Asian Miracle: A Time Series Analysis of U.S.-East Asia Commodity Trade, 1962-1992," MPRA Paper 37124, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    6. D. Baiardi & C. Bianchi, 2018. "At the roots of China's striking performance in textile exports: a comparison with its main Asian competitors," Economics Department Working Papers 2018-EP03, Department of Economics, Parma University (Italy).
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    8. Alicia Garcia-Herrero & Tuuli Koivu, 2008. "China'S Exchange Rate Policy And Asian Trade," Economie Internationale, CEPII research center, issue 116, pages 53-92.
    9. Shanping Yang & Inmaculada Martínez-Zarzoso, 2013. "A Panel Data Analysis of Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Effects: The case of ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA)," Ibero America Institute for Econ. Research (IAI) Discussion Papers 224, Ibero-America Institute for Economic Research.
    10. Huanguang Qiu & Jun Yang & Jikun Huang & Ruijian Chen, 2007. "Impact of China‐ASEAN Free Trade Area on China's International Agricultural Trade and Its Regional Development," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 15(5), pages 77-90, September.
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    Economic development - China; International trade; Foreign exchange rates - China;
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