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The Dynamics of Large Inflation Surges

Author

Listed:
  • Andres Blanco
  • Pablo Ottonello
  • Tereza Ranošová

Abstract

We empirically characterize episodes of large inflation surges that have been observed worldwide in the last three decades. We document four facts. (1) Inflation surges tend to be persistent, with the duration of disinflation exceeding that of the initial inflation increase. (2) Surges are initially unexpected but followed by a gradual catch-up of average short-term expectations with realized inflation. (3) Long-term inflation expectations tend to exhibit increases that persist throughout disinflation. (4) Policy responses are characterized by hikes in nominal interest rates but no tightening of real rates or fiscal balances. In sum, episodes of large and persistent inflation tend to occur with government responses that depart from the prescriptions of textbook policy rules, and that instead exhibit a "fear of tightening."

Suggested Citation

  • Andres Blanco & Pablo Ottonello & Tereza Ranošová, 2024. "The Dynamics of Large Inflation Surges," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2024-9, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
  • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedawp:99038
    DOI: 10.29338/wp2024-09
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    inflation surges; inflation expectation; fiscal and monetary policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E40 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - General
    • F40 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - General

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