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Measuring Tourism Specialization: a composite indicator for the Spanish regions

Author

Listed:
  • Diana Pérez Dacal
  • Melchor Fernández Fernández

    (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, IDEGA)

  • Yolanda Pena Boquete

    (Universidade de Vigo)

Abstract

Tourism sector is playing an important role in the development of a region, contributing to the economy growth and job creation. Despite of the actual crisis, Tourism activities continues to growth in the last year (UNWTO 2011). Also, Spain maintains in the better positions of the world ranking. Furthermore, Tourism activities generate around 10% of GPD and represents 11.5% of total workers of the Spanish Economy in 2011. Nevertheless, this is not true for all the Spanish Regions. There are regional differences in the number of tourist arrivals, level and quality of employment, number of open Hotels, amenities, etc. Consequently, it is necessary to identify the degree of tourism specialization of each reagion in order to have a more accurately measure of its economic measurement. The main purpose of this paper is to analyses the tourism specialization in the Spanish Provinces. In general previous literature supports the idea that tourism enhances economic growth (Neves & MaÁas 2008). We are able to define Tourism specialization from very different perspectives, for example, tourist arrivals, GPD or labour in tourism industries. For that reason, it is essential to review the previous literature and clarify which indicators are the best ones to measure tourism specialization. In order to measure tourism specialization from a wide point of view we account for both demand and supply side variables for tourism sector. Such factors may concern the quality and the capability of a destination to attract visitors. Moreover, we have included amenities variables referred to natural places, recreational sites and climate. We developed principal component analysis (PCA) in order to summarize the information provided by the different measures. Besides the PCA allow us to rank Spanish provinces according its degree of tourism specialization. It is essential to understand the relationship between tourism characteristics, amenities and its economic impacts for public policies and tourism managing.

Suggested Citation

  • Diana Pérez Dacal & Melchor Fernández Fernández & Yolanda Pena Boquete, 2013. "Measuring Tourism Specialization: a composite indicator for the Spanish regions," Documentos de trabajo - Analise Economica 0056, IDEGA - Instituto Universitario de Estudios e Desenvolvemento de Galicia.
    • Handle: RePEc:edg:anecon:0056
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Roberto Patuelli & Maurizio Mussoni & Guido Candela, 2016. "The Effects of World Heritage Sites on Domestic Tourism: A Spatial Interaction Model for Italy," Advances in Spatial Science, in: Roberto Patuelli & Giuseppe Arbia (ed.), Spatial Econometric Interaction Modelling, chapter 0, pages 281-315, Springer.
    2. Cuccia, Tiziana & Rizzo, Ilde, 2011. "Tourism seasonality in cultural destinations: Empirical evidence from Sicily," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 589-595.
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    4. Simon Kuznets, 1933. "Seasonal Variations in Industry and Trade," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number kuzn33-1, January.
    5. Marcouiller, David W. & Prey, Jeff, 2005. "The Tourism Supply Linkage: Recreational Sites and their Related Natural Amenities," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 35(1), pages 1-10.
    6. Green, Gary Paul, 2001. "Amenities and Community Economic Development: Strategies for Sustainability," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 31(2), pages 1-15.
    7. Yang, Yong, 2012. "Agglomeration density and tourism development in China: An empirical research based on dynamic panel data model," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(6), pages 1347-1359.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carles Manera & Elisabeth Valle, 2018. "Tourist Intensity in the World, 1995–2015: Two Measurement Proposals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-20, December.
    2. Nicola Camatti & Luca Salmasi & Jan van der Borg, "undated". "Tourism and economic growth: an application to coastal regions in the Mediterranean area," Working Papers 2021:16, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    3. Croes, Robertico & Ridderstaat, Jorge & van Niekerk, Mathilda, 2018. "Connecting quality of life, tourism specialization, and economic growth in small island destinations: The case of Malta," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 212-223.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Tourism; labour market; tourism specialization; temporary jobs; regional development.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism

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