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Trade liberalization and industrial pollution in Brazil

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  • Young, Carlos Eduardo
  • Ferraz, Claudio

Abstract

This paper attempts to estimate the effect of trade liberalization on the industrial structure and pattern of pollution emissions in Brazil. An input-output approach is used to estimate the value of production and potential pollution intensity estimates are undertaken using the industrial pollution projection system. We find that the aggregate intensity of pollutant emission has decreased for the whole industrial sector, but for the export sector, the pollution intensity has been increasing after trade liberalization.

Suggested Citation

  • Young, Carlos Eduardo & Ferraz, Claudio, 1999. "Trade liberalization and industrial pollution in Brazil," Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo 5726, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col039:5726
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    File URL: http://repositorio.cepal.org/handle/11362/5726
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lopez Ramon, 1994. "The Environment as a Factor of Production: The Effects of Economic Growth and Trade Liberalization," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 163-184, September.
    2. Werner Antweiler & Brian R. Copeland & M. Scott Taylor, 2001. "Is Free Trade Good for the Environment?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(4), pages 877-908, September.
    3. Copeland Brian R., 1994. "International Trade and the Environment: Policy Reform in a Polluted Small Open Economy," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 44-65, January.
    4. F. A. Lutz, 1961. "The Theory of Capital," International Economic Association Series, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-1-349-08452-4 edited by D. C. Hague.
    5. Mauricio Mesquita Moreira & Paulo Guilherme Correa, 1997. "Abertura comercial e indústria: o que se pode esperar e o que se vem obtendo," Brazilian Journal of Political Economy, Center of Political Economy, vol. 17(2), pages 61-91.
    6. Brian R. Copeland & M. Scott Taylor, 1995. "Trade and the Environment: A Partial Synthesis," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 77(3), pages 765-771.
    7. Young, Carlos Eduardo Frickmann, 1998. "Industrial Pollution and Export-oriented Policies in Brazil," Revista Brasileira de Economia - RBE, EPGE Brazilian School of Economics and Finance - FGV EPGE (Brazil), vol. 52(4), October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Winchester, Lucy, 2005. "Sustainable human settlements development in Latin America and the Caribbean," Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo 5635, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    2. Rajack, Robin & Barhate, Shrikant, 2004. "Urban poverty and habitat precariousness in the Caribbean," Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo 5622, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    3. Al-Amin, Abul Quasem & Jaafar, Abdul Hamid & Siwar, Chamhuri, 2008. "A Computable General Equilibrium Approach To Trade And Environmental Modelling In The Malaysian Economy," MPRA Paper 8772, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Fuzhong Chen & Guohai Jiang & Getachew Magnar Kitila, 2021. "Trade Openness and CO 2 Emissions: The Heterogeneous and Mediating Effects for the Belt and Road Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, February.
    5. Winchester, Lucy, 2006. "El desarrollo sostenible de los asentamientos humanos en América Latina y el Caribe," Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo 5671, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    6. Jaafar, Abdul Hamid & Al-Amin, Abul Quasem & Siwar, Chamhuri, 2008. "A CGE Analysis of the Economic Impact of Output-Specific Carbon Tax on the Malaysian Economy," MPRA Paper 10210, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Coutinho, Marília, 2004. "Technological evaluation of biotechnology capability in Amazon institutions," Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo 5619, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    8. Jenkins, Rhys Owen, 2003. "Has trade liberalization created pollution havens in Latin America?," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.
    9. Gallopín, Gilberto C., 2003. "A systems approach to sustainability and sustainable development," Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo 5759, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    10. Pham Thai Hung & Bui Anh Tuan & Nguyen The Chinh, 2016. "The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Industrial Pollution: Empirical Evidence from Vietnam," EEPSEA Research Report rr2016042, Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia (EEPSEA), revised Apr 2016.

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