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Unterhaltsansprüche und deren Wirklichkeit: wie groß ist das Problem nicht gezahlten Kindesunterhalts?

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  • Bastian Hartmann

Abstract

Nach der Auflösung einer Partnerschaft bestehen die finanziellen Verflechtungen der ehemaligen Partner meist noch weiter. Dies gilt umso mehr, wenn aus der Partnerschaft Kinder hervor gegangen sind. Dem Kindesunterhalt kommt eine besondere Rolle zu. Trotz seiner sozial- und familienpolitischen Bedeutung liegen bis heute kaum Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich der empirischen Relevanz des Kindesunterhaltes vor. Derlei Vorhaben scheiterten bisher an den verfügbaren Daten. Mit dem Datensatz "Familien in Deutschland (FiD)" ist diese Lücke nun teilweise geschlossen. Der vorliegende Artikel diskutiert auf Grundlage dieser Daten deskriptive Befunde zum Kindesunterhalt und dem Ausmaß nicht gedeckter Ansprüche. Dabei zeigt sich eine erhebliche Lücke zwischen den Mindestansprüchen auf Unterhaltsleistungen und deren Wirklichkeit. Etwa die Hälfte aller alleinerziehenden Eltern bekommt keinen Unterhalt für ihre Kinder. Von den Unterhaltszahlungen, die beobachtet werden können, genügt wiederum nur etwa die Hälfte aus, um den Mindestanspruch gemäß Düsseldorfer Tabelle zu decken. Das sozialpolitische Mittel der Wahl, um die Bedarfe solcher Mangelfälle zu decken, ist der Unterhaltsvorschuss. Die Daten lassen aber vermuten, dass dies nur in wenigen Fällen tatsächlich zum Einsatz kommt.

Suggested Citation

  • Bastian Hartmann, 2014. "Unterhaltsansprüche und deren Wirklichkeit: wie groß ist das Problem nicht gezahlten Kindesunterhalts?," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 660, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwsop:diw_sp660
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    3. Marcos A. Rangel, 2006. "Alimony Rights and Intrahousehold Allocation of Resources: Evidence from Brazil," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 116(513), pages 627-658, July.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Alleinerziehende; Kindesunterhalt; Familienpolitik; FiD; SOEP;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I3 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • D1 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior
    • H5 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies

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