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Investigating the relationship between gold and silver prices

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  • Granger, C.W.J. (Clive William John)

Abstract

This paper analyze the long-run relationship between gold and silver prices. The three main questions addressed are: the influence of a large bubble from 1979:9 to 1980:3 on the cointegration relationship, the extent to which by including error correction terms in a nonlinear way we can beat the random walk model out-of sample and, the existence of a strong simultaneous relationship between the rates of return of gold and silver. Different efficient single equation estimation techniques are required for each of the three questions and this is explained within a simple bivariante cointegration system. With monthly data from 1971 to 1990, it is found that cointegration could have occurred during some periods and specially during the bubble and post-bubble periodo However, dummy variables for the intercept of the long-ron relationships are needed during the full sample. For the price of gold the nonlinear models perform better than the random walk in-sample and out-of-sample. In-sample nonlinear models for the price of silver perform better than the random walk but this predictive capacity is lost out-of sample, mainly due to the structural change that occurs (reduction) in the variance of the out-of sample models. The in-sample and out-of sample predictive capacity of the nonlinear models is reduced when the variables are in logs. Clear and strong evidence is found for a simultaneous relationship between the rates of return of gold and silver. In the three type of relationships that we have analyzed between the prices of gold and silver, the dependence is less out-of sample, possibly meaning that the two markets are becoming separated.

Suggested Citation

  • Granger, C.W.J. (Clive William John), 1995. "Investigating the relationship between gold and silver prices," DES - Working Papers. Statistics and Econometrics. WS 4517, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Estadística.
  • Handle: RePEc:cte:wsrepe:4517
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Costas Milas & Jesús Otero & Theodore Panagiotidis, 2004. "Forecasting the spot prices of various coffee types using linear and non-linear error correction models," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 9(3), pages 277-288.
    3. Kenny, Geoff, 2003. "Asymmetric adjustment costs and the dynamics of housing supply," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 20(6), pages 1097-1111, December.
    4. Koukouritakis, Minoas, 2005. "EU Accession Effects on the Demand for Manufactures: the Case of Greece," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 58(4), pages 471-488.
    5. Theodore Panagiotidis, 2010. "Market efficiency and the Euro: the case of the Athens stock exchange," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 37(3), pages 237-251, July.
    6. Álvaro Escribano, 1999. "Predicción y análisis de funciones de exportación e importación en España," Investigaciones Economicas, Fundación SEPI, vol. 23(1), pages 55-94, January.
    7. Gabriella Legrenzi & Costas Milas, 2006. "Asymmetric and Non-Linear Adjustments in Local Fiscal Policy," Keele Economics Research Papers KERP 2006/16, Centre for Economic Research, Keele University.
    8. Alvaro Escribano & Roberto Pascual, 2008. "Asymmetries in bid and ask responses to innovations in the trading process," Studies in Empirical Economics, in: Luc Bauwens & Winfried Pohlmeier & David Veredas (ed.), High Frequency Financial Econometrics, pages 49-82, Springer.
    9. Gabriella Deborah Legrenzi & Costas Milas, 2010. "Spend-and-Tax Adjustments and the Sustainability of the Government's Intertemporal Budget Constraint," CESifo Working Paper Series 2926, CESifo.
    10. David McMillan, 2008. "Non-linear cointegration and adjustment: an asymmetric exponential smooth-transition model for US interest rates," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 591-606, November.
    11. Isabella Procidano & Margherita Gerolimetto & Silio Rigatti Luchini, 2006. "Dynamic cointegration and relevant vector machine: the relationship between gold and silver," Computing in Economics and Finance 2006 380, Society for Computational Economics.
    12. Mainardi, Stefano, 2001. "Limited arbitrage in international wheat markets: threshold and smooth transition cointegration," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 45(3), pages 1-26.
    13. Giulio Cifarelli & Giovanna Paladino, 2009. "The Buffer Stock Model Redux? An Analysis of the Dynamics of Foreign Reserve Accumulation," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 525-543, September.
    14. Theo Panagiotidis & Mark J Holmes, 2005. "Sustainability and Asymmetric Adjustment: Some New Evidence Concerning Behaviour of the US Current Account," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2005 29, Money Macro and Finance Research Group.
    15. Michael Arghyrou, 2009. "Monetary policy before and after the euro: evidence from Greece," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 36(3), pages 621-643, June.
    16. Jesus Otero & Manuel Ramirez, 2002. "On the determinants of the inflation rate in Colombia: a disequilibrium market approach," Borradores de Investigación 3296, Universidad del Rosario.
    17. A. Khalifa & S. Hammoudeh & E. Otranto & S. Ramchander, 2012. "Volatility Transmission across Currency, Commodity and Equity Markets under Multi-Chain Regime Switching: Implications for Hedging and Portfolio Allocation," Working Paper CRENoS 201214, Centre for North South Economic Research, University of Cagliari and Sassari, Sardinia.
    18. Aparicio, Felipe M., 2003. "Cointegration tests based on record counting statistics," DES - Working Papers. Statistics and Econometrics. WS ws036615, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Estadística.
    19. Christopher Martin & Michael Arghyrou & Costas Milas, 2004. "Nonlinear inflation dynamics: evidence from the UK," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2003 59, Money Macro and Finance Research Group.

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