IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/cpr/ceprdp/14957.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

In the Shadow of Banks: Wealth Management Products and Issuing Banks’ Risks in China

Author

Listed:
  • Acharya, Viral
  • Qian, Jun
  • Su, Yang
  • Yang, Zhishu

Abstract

We study the rise and risks in bank issuance of Wealth Management Products (WMPs), which are off-balance-sheet substitutes for deposits without the regulatory interest rate ceilings and constitute the largest shadow banking segment in China. We show that competition for deposits has a causal effect on the WMP issuance of small and medium sized banks (SMBs), where we instrument deposit competition by SMBs’ geographical exposure to the large (Big Four) banks. The Big Four banks substantially increased their loan supply to support the RMB 4 trillion stimulus initiated in response to the global financial crisis, and thereafter grew more aggressive in the deposit markets in order to stay below the regulatory ceiling on the loan-to-deposit ratio. In response, SMBs issued more WMPs and more frequently, besides also establishing fewer branches in cities with greater competition from the Big Four banks. We find that this growth of WMPs imposed rollover risks for all the bank issuers, as reflected in higher yields on new WMPs, higher borrowing rates in the inter-bank market, and adverse stock market performance of WMP-issuing banks on days with heightened rollover risks.

Suggested Citation

  • Acharya, Viral & Qian, Jun & Su, Yang & Yang, Zhishu, 2020. "In the Shadow of Banks: Wealth Management Products and Issuing Banks’ Risks in China," CEPR Discussion Papers 14957, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:14957
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://cepr.org/publications/DP14957
    Download Restriction: CEPR Discussion Papers are free to download for our researchers, subscribers and members. If you fall into one of these categories but have trouble downloading our papers, please contact us at subscribers@cepr.org
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chen, Zhuo & He, Zhiguo & Liu, Chun, 2020. "The financing of local government in China: Stimulus loan wanes and shadow banking waxes," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(1), pages 42-71.
    2. Nicholas Borst, 2013. "Shadow Deposits as a Source of Financial Instability: Lessons from the American Experience for China," Policy Briefs PB13-14, Peterson Institute for International Economics.
    3. Kaiji Chen & Jue Ren & Tao Zha, 2018. "The Nexus of Monetary Policy and Shadow Banking in China," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 108(12), pages 3891-3936, December.
    4. Lin William Cong & Haoyu Gao & Jacopo Ponticelli & Xiaoguang Yang, 2019. "Credit Allocation Under Economic Stimulus: Evidence from China," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(9), pages 3412-3460.
    5. Allen, Franklin & Qian, Yiming & Tu, Guoqian & Yu, Frank, 2019. "Entrusted loans: A close look at China's shadow banking system," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(1), pages 18-41.
    6. Viral V. Acharya & T. Sabri Öncü, 2013. "A Proposal for the Resolution of Systemically Important Assets and Liabilities: The Case of the Repo Market," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 9(1), pages 291-351, January.
    7. Torsten Ehlers & Steven Kong & Feng Zhu, 2018. "Mapping shadow banking in China: structure and dynamics," BIS Working Papers 701, Bank for International Settlements.
    8. Jun (Qj) Qian & Philip E. Strahan & Zhishu Yang, 2015. "The Impact of Incentives and Communication Costs on Information Production and Use: Evidence from Bank Lending," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 70(4), pages 1457-1493, August.
    9. Jinghan Cai & Alicia García-Herrero & Fengyun Li & Xia Le, 2019. "The regulatory arbitrage and window dressing in shadow banking: the example of Chinese wealth management product," Economic and Political Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(3), pages 314-336, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Emil Adamek & Jan Janku, 2022. "What Drives Small Business Crowdfunding? Impact of Macroeconomic and Financial Factors," Czech Journal of Economics and Finance (Finance a uver), Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, vol. 72(2), pages 172-196, June.
    2. Juan J. Cortina & Maria Soledad Martinez Peria & Sergio L. Schmukler & Jasmine Xiao, 2024. "The Internationalization of China’s Equity Markets," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 72(2), pages 554-610, June.
    3. Liu, Shiyu & Wang, Bo & Zhang, Qianqian, 2024. "Fintech regulation and bank liquidity creation: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    4. Jiang, Chun & Chang, Ya-Qi & Ge, Xinyu & Si, Deng-Kui, 2023. "Identifying the impact of bank competition on corporate shadow banking: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    5. Kang, Kuan & Mohd Ashhari, Zariyawati & Dato Hj Yahya, Mohamed Hisham & Soh, Wei Ni & Li, Yue, 2024. "Interest rate liberalization and the stability of the Chinese banking system: Exploring chained mediation effects of deposit competitiveness and wealth management products," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 62(PB).
    6. Wei, Xin & Liu, Xi & Zhang, Xueyong, 2022. "Shadow banking and the cross-section of stock returns," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    7. Cheng, C.S. Agnes & Hu, Gang & Yu, Danlei Bonnie, 2022. "CAFR 1999–2021, the past two decades and a look ahead," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    8. Shah, Syed Mehmood Raza & Fu, Qiang & Dawood, Muhammad & Ishfaq, Muhammad, 2020. "Issuance of Wealth Management Products and Expected Yields; A Shadow Banking Perspective," MPRA Paper 104147, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Huang, Yong & Yan, Chao & Chan, Kam C., 2022. "Does the truth rest with the minority? Divergent views on nonfinancial firms' financial investments from the private equity market," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    10. Ouyang, Alice Y. & Wang, Jifan, 2022. "Shadow banking, macroprudential policy, and bank stability: Evidence from China’s wealth management product market," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    11. Hodula, Martin & Melecky, Ales & Machacek, Martin, 2020. "Off the radar: Factors behind the growth of shadow banking in Europe," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 44(3).
    12. Jeffery (Jinfan) Chang & Ting Yang & Yanping Shi, 2022. "Finance Leases: In the Shadow of Banks [Entrusted loans: a close look at China’s shadow banking system]," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 26(3), pages 721-749.
    13. Rob Kim Marjerison & Chungil Chae & Shitong Li, 2021. "Investor Activity in Chinese Financial Institutions: A Precursor to Economic Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-17, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xu Feng & Xiaowen An & Yahui An & Yajun Xiao, 2024. "Shadow Funding and Economic Growth: Evidence from China," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 56(2-3), pages 589-611, March.
    2. Feng, Xu & Lütkebohmert, Eva & Xiao, Yajun, 2022. "Wealth management products, banking competition, and stability: Evidence from China," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. Zhang, Shidai & Tsai, Kellee S., 2024. "‘One System, Two Shadows’: A local public finance perspective on China's shadow banking system," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    4. Ma, Yongfan & Hu, Xingcun, 2024. "Shadow banking and SME investment: Evidence from China's new asset management regulations," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(PA), pages 332-349.
    5. Chen, Zhuo & He, Zhiguo & Liu, Chun, 2020. "The financing of local government in China: Stimulus loan wanes and shadow banking waxes," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(1), pages 42-71.
    6. Wei, Xin & Liu, Xi & Zhang, Xueyong, 2022. "Shadow banking and the cross-section of stock returns," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    7. Shuonan Zhang, 2024. "State‐owned enterprises and entrusted lending: Economic growth and business cycles in China," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 62(1), pages 197-222, January.
    8. Allen, Franklin & Gu, Xian & Li, C. Wei & Qian, Jun “QJ” & Qian, Yiming, 2023. "Implicit guarantees and the rise of shadow banking: The case of trust products," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 149(2), pages 115-141.
    9. Du, Julan & Li, Chang & Wang, Yongqin, 2023. "Shadow banking of non-financial firms: Arbitrage between formal and informal credit markets in China," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    10. repec:zbw:bofitp:2021_015 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Li, Weixue & Wang, Sipei & Cheung, Adrian (Wai Kong) & Xu, Changsheng, 2024. "Shadow banking, investment and interest rate transmission: Evidence from macroprudential policy in China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 115-133.
    12. Phuong Mai Le, Vo & Matthews, Kent & Meenagh, David & Minford, Patrick & Xiao, Zhiguo, 2022. "Regulatory arbitrage, shadow banking and monetary policy in China," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    13. Shugo Yamamoto, 2020. "Global Liquidity,Offshore Bond Issuance and Shadow Banking in China," Discussion Papers 2011, Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University.
    14. Xiaoming Li & Zheng Liu & Yuchao Peng & Zhiwei Xu, 2020. "Bank Risk-Taking and Monetary Policy Transmission: Evidence from China," Working Paper Series 2020-27, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    15. Shuonan Zhang, 2020. "State-owned enterprises and entrusted lending: A DSGE analysis for growth and business cycles in China," Working Papers in Economics & Finance 2020-01, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth Business School, Economics and Finance Subject Group.
    16. Chen, Yunping & Chen, Huanhuan & Li, Guorong & Jiao, Dongdan & Xu, Xiangyun, 2021. "Time-varying effect of macro-prudential policies on household credit growth: Evidence from China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 241-254.
    17. Jiang, Bo, 2024. "The real effect of shadow banking regulation: Evidence from China," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    18. Vinh Q. T. Dang & Isaac Otchere & Erin P. K. So & Isabel K. M. Yan, 2021. "Not all shadow banking is bad! Evidence from credit intermediation of non-financial Chinese firms," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 57(4), pages 1437-1462, November.
    19. Si, Deng-Kui & Li, Xiao-Lin, 2022. "Shadow banking business and firm risk-taking: Evidence from China," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    20. Lu, Dong & Tang, Huoqing & Zhang, Chengsi, 2023. "China's monetary policy surprises and corporate real investment," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    21. Allen, Franklin & Qian, Jun & Qian, Meijun, 2018. "A Review of China’s Institutions," CEPR Discussion Papers 13269, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Shadow banking; Regulatory arbitrage; Rollover risk; Financial fragility; Deposit competition;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • E4 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates
    • L2 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:14957. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: the person in charge (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.cepr.org .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.