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Forward Guidance in the Yield Curve: Short Rates versus Bond Supply

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  • Vayanos, Dimitri
  • Greenwood, Robin
  • Hanson, Samuel G

Abstract

We present a model of the yield curve in which the central bank can provide market participants with forward guidance on both future short rates and on future Quantitative Easing (QE) operations, which affect bond supply. Forward guidance on short rates works through the expectations hypothesis, while forward guidance on QE works through expected future bond risk premia. If a QE operation is expected to be undone in the near term, then its announcement will have a hump-shaped effect on the yield and forward-rate curves; otherwise the effect may be increasing with maturity. Humps associated to QE announcements typically occur at maturities longer than those associated to short-rate announcements, even when the effects of the former are expected to last over a shorter horizon. We use our model to re-examine the empirical evidence on QE announcements in the US.

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  • Vayanos, Dimitri & Greenwood, Robin & Hanson, Samuel G, 2015. "Forward Guidance in the Yield Curve: Short Rates versus Bond Supply," CEPR Discussion Papers 11005, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11005
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    Cited by:

    1. Ricardo Reis, 2019. "Central Banks Going Long," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Álvaro Aguirre & Markus Brunnermeier & Diego Saravia (ed.),Monetary Policy and Financial Stability: Transmission Mechanisms and Policy Implications, edition 1, volume 26, chapter 3, pages 043-081, Central Bank of Chile.
    2. R. S.J. Koijen & F. Koulischer & B. Nguyen & M. Yogo, 2016. "Quantitative Easing in the Euro Area: The Dynamics of Risk Exposures and the Impact on Asset Prices," Working papers 601, Banque de France.
    3. King, Thomas B., 2019. "Expectation and duration at the effective lower bound," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(3), pages 736-760.
    4. Stefania D'Amico & Tim Seida, 2020. "Unexpected Supply Effects of Quantitative Easing and Tightening," Working Paper Series WP-2020-17, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    5. Koijen, Ralph S.J. & Koulischer, François & Nguyen, Benoît & Yogo, Motohiro, 2021. "Inspecting the mechanism of quantitative easing in the euro area," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(1), pages 1-20.
    6. Richhild Moessner & David-Jan Jansen & Jakob de Haan, 2017. "Communication About Future Policy Rates In Theory And Practice: A Survey," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(3), pages 678-711, July.
    7. Tobias S. Blattner & Michael A. S. Joyce, 2020. "The Euro Area Bond Free Float and the Implications for QE," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 52(6), pages 1361-1395, September.
    8. Ricardo Reis, 2019. "Central Banks Going Long," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Álvaro Aguirre & Markus Brunnermeier & Diego Saravia (ed.),Monetary Policy and Financial Stability: Transmission Mechanisms and Policy Implications, edition 1, volume 26, chapter 3, pages 043-081, Central Bank of Chile.
    9. Robin Greenwood & Samuel G. Hanson & Jeremy C. Stein & Adi Sunderam, 2020. "A Quantity-Driven Theory of Term Premia and Exchange Rates," NBER Working Papers 27615, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Iryna Kaminska & Gabriele Zinna, 2020. "Official Demand for U.S. Debt: Implications for U.S. Real Rates," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 52(2-3), pages 323-364, March.
    11. Giuseppe Grande & Adriana Grasso & Gabriele Zinna, 2019. "The effectiveness of the ECB’s asset purchases at the lower bound," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 541, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    12. Stavrakeva, Vania & Tang, Jenny, 2019. "The Dollar During the Great Recession: US Monetary Policy Signaling and The Flight To Safety," CEPR Discussion Papers 14034, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    13. Ferre De Graeve & Konstantinos Theodoridis, 2016. "Forward Guidance, Quantitative Easing, or both?," Working Paper Research 305, National Bank of Belgium.
    14. Vania Stavrakeva & Jenny Tang, 2018. "The dollar during the global recession: US monetary policy and the exorbitant duty," Working Papers 18-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    15. Antonio Diez de los Rios, 2024. "Estimating the Portfolio-Balance Effects of the Bank of Canada’s Government of Canada Bond Purchase Program," Staff Working Papers 24-34, Bank of Canada.
    16. Hayashi, Fumio, 2018. "Computing equilibrium bond prices in the Vayanos-Vila model," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(2), pages 181-195.
    17. van Holle, Frederiek, 2017. "Essays in empirical finance and monetary policy," Other publications TiSEM 30d11a4b-7bc9-4c81-ad24-5, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Central banks; Forward guidance; Limited arbitrage; Quantitative easing; Yield curve;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • H63 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Debt; Debt Management; Sovereign Debt

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