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El pilar no contributivo y su rol en el sistema de protección a la vejez : Colombia mayor social

Author

Listed:
  • Leonardo Villar
  • Alejandro Becerra
  • David Forero
  • María A. Ortega

Abstract

La transición demográfica y el acelerado proceso de envejecimiento de la población en los países latinoamericanos implicará un crecimiento continuo del número de adultos mayores en situación de vulnerabilidad. El sistema pensional contributivo afronta una barrera estructural para ofrecer acceso a los trabajadores más allá del sector formal, lo cual es particularmente grave en países como Colombia, con una alta participación de la informalidad en su mercado laboral. En estos contextos, los mecanismos no contributivos y semi-contributivos son vehículos de política pública que están en la capacidad de ofrecer protección económica a la vejez y aumentar la cobertura de la población mayor. En este documento se analizan las características que debe tener un beneficio no contributivo bien disenado, que aumente la cobertura pero no desincentive la cotización al sistema contributivo de seguridad social, a través de tres aspectos: el valor del subsidio, su cobertura o focalización, y su interacción con los demás pilares. A partir de las mejores prácticas y la experiencia internacional de Chile, Brasil, Bolivia y Nueva Zelanda, se hace una propuesta de reforma al programa Colombia Mayor resaltando la forma en que éste puede complementarse con el pilar semi-contributivo de los Beneficios Económicos Periódicos – BEPS.

Suggested Citation

  • Leonardo Villar & Alejandro Becerra & David Forero & María A. Ortega, 2020. "El pilar no contributivo y su rol en el sistema de protección a la vejez : Colombia mayor social," Working Papers Series. Documentos de Trabajo 17935, Fedesarrollo.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000123:017935
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11445/3890
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. de Carvalho Filho, Irineu Evangelista, 2008. "Old-age benefits and retirement decisions of rural elderly in Brazil," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(1), pages 129-146, April.
    2. International Monetary Fund, 2016. "New Zealand: Selected Issues," IMF Staff Country Reports 2016/040, International Monetary Fund.
    3. Leonardo Villar & Alejandro Becerra & David Forero, 2017. "Características de un Sistema Pensional Multipilar aplicado en el contexto colombiano," Informes de Investigación 16403, Fedesarrollo.
    4. Mr. Alfredo Cuevas & Ms. Izabela Karpowicz & Mr. Carlos Mulas-Granados & Mauricio Soto, 2017. "Fiscal Challenges of Population Aging in Brazil," IMF Working Papers 2017/099, International Monetary Fund.
    5. International Monetary Fund, 2016. "Brazil: Selected Issues," IMF Staff Country Reports 2016/349, International Monetary Fund.
    6. Leonardo Villar & Alejandro Becerra & David Forero, 2017. "Propuesta y estimación de los costos económicos de extender la cobertura del sistema pensional colombiano," Working Papers Series. Documentos de Trabajo 15727, Fedesarrollo.
    7. John, Susan St. & Willmore, Larry, 2001. "Two Legs are Better than Three: New Zealand as a Model for Old Age Pensions," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 29(8), pages 1291-1305, August.
    8. Leonardo Villar & Soraya Montoya González & Susana Martínez-Restrepo & Lina María González-Ballesteros & Catalina Guitiérrez & David Forero & Erika Enríquez & María C. Pertuz, 2015. "Misión Colombia Envejece: cifras, retos y recomendaciones," INFORMES DE INVESTIGACIÓN 013888, FEDESARROLLO.
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    Cited by:

    1. Acosta, Karina & Taboada-Arango, Bibiana & Otero-Cortés, Andrea & Bonet-Morón, Jaime, 2024. "Evolución de las transferencias monetarias en Colombia," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.

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