IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/cnb/wpaper/2022-6.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Meeting Investor Outflows in Czech Bond and Equity Funds: Horizontal or Vertical?

Author

Listed:
  • Milan Szabo

Abstract

This paper explores liquidity management practices in Czech open-ended bond and equity funds. I reconstruct cash flows stemming from investors and securities and cash flows related to purchases and sales in portfolios and margin calls to study liquidity transformation and liquidity management in investment funds. I point to multiple factors, such as portfolio illiquidity and current market conditions, that influence the joint behavior between investor redemptions and funds' liquidity management. I then investigate how funds replenished their liquid buffers and show that relaxation of liquidity transformation and more aggressive sales from funds' portfolios are the main channels through which funds rebuild their liquid buffers.

Suggested Citation

  • Milan Szabo, 2022. "Meeting Investor Outflows in Czech Bond and Equity Funds: Horizontal or Vertical?," Working Papers 2022/6, Czech National Bank.
  • Handle: RePEc:cnb:wpaper:2022/6
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.cnb.cz/export/sites/cnb/en/economic-research/.galleries/research_publications/cnb_wp/cnbwp_2022_06.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chernenko, Sergey & Sunderam, Adi, 2016. "Liquidity transformation in asset management: Evidence from the cash holdings of mutual funds," ESRB Working Paper Series 23, European Systemic Risk Board.
    2. Stijn Claessens & Ulf Lewrick, 2022. "Open-ended bond funds: Systemic risks and policy implications," Aussenwirtschaft, University of St. Gallen, School of Economics and Political Science, Swiss Institute for International Economics and Applied Economics Research, vol. 72(01), pages 45-62, December.
    3. Fricke, Christoph & Fricke, Daniel, 2021. "Vulnerable asset management? The case of mutual funds," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    4. Cominetta, Matteo & Lambert, Claudia & Levels, Anouk & Rydén, Anders & Weistroffer, Christian, 2018. "Macroprudential liquidity tools for investment funds - A preliminary discussion," Macroprudential Bulletin, European Central Bank, vol. 6.
    5. Goldstein, Itay & Jiang, Hao & Ng, David T., 2017. "Investor flows and fragility in corporate bond funds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(3), pages 592-613.
    6. Pástor, Ľuboš & Stambaugh, Robert F. & Taylor, Lucian A., 2015. "Scale and skill in active management," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(1), pages 23-45.
    7. repec:bla:jfinan:v:55:y:2000:i:4:p:1655-1703 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Andrei Shleifer & Robert Vishny, 2011. "Fire Sales in Finance and Macroeconomics," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 25(1), pages 29-48, Winter.
    9. Stephan Jank & Michael Wedow, 2013. "Purchase and redemption decisions of mutual fund investors and the role of fund families," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(2), pages 127-144, February.
    10. Chevalier, Judith & Ellison, Glenn, 1997. "Risk Taking by Mutual Funds as a Response to Incentives," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 105(6), pages 1167-1200, December.
    11. Choi, Jaewon & Hoseinzade, Saeid & Shin, Sean Seunghun & Tehranian, Hassan, 2020. "Corporate bond mutual funds and asset fire sales," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(2), pages 432-457.
    12. Russ Wermers, 2000. "Mutual Fund Performance: An Empirical Decomposition into Stock‐Picking Talent, Style, Transactions Costs, and Expenses," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(4), pages 1655-1695, August.
    13. Sergey Chernenko & Adi Sunderam, 2016. "Liquidity Transformation in Asset Management: Evidence from the Cash Holdings of Mutual Funds," NBER Working Papers 22391, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Mitchell A. Petersen, 2009. "Estimating Standard Errors in Finance Panel Data Sets: Comparing Approaches," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(1), pages 435-480, January.
    15. Lawrence Schmidt & Allan Timmermann & Russ Wermers, 2016. "Runs on Money Market Mutual Funds," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 106(9), pages 2625-2657, September.
    16. Fong, Tom Pak Wing & Sze, Angela Kin Wan & Ho, Edmund Ho Cheung, 2018. "Determinants of equity mutual fund flows – Evidence from the fund flow dynamics between Hong Kong and global markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 231-247.
    17. Grill, Michael & Molestina Vivar, Luis & Wedow, Michael, 2021. "The suspensions of redemptions during the COVID 19 crisis – a case for pre-emptive liquidity measures?," Macroprudential Bulletin, European Central Bank, vol. 12.
    18. Mao, Mike Qinghao & Wong, Ching Hin, 2022. "Why have target-date funds performed better in the COVID-19 selloff than the 2008 selloff?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    19. Ferreira, Miguel A. & Keswani, Aneel & Miguel, Antonio F. & Ramos, Sofia B., 2012. "The flow-performance relationship around the world," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(6), pages 1759-1780.
    20. Kremer, Manfred & Lo Duca, Marco & Holló, Dániel, 2012. "CISS - a composite indicator of systemic stress in the financial system," Working Paper Series 1426, European Central Bank.
    21. Hayne Leland and Gregory Connor., 1995. "Optimal Cash Management for Investment Funds," Research Program in Finance Working Papers RPF-244, University of California at Berkeley.
    22. Xuemin (Sterling) Yan, 2006. "The Determinants and Implications of Mutual Fund Cash Holdings: Theory and Evidence," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 35(2), pages 67-91, June.
    23. Khorana, Ajay & Servaes, Henri & Tufano, Peter, 2005. "Explaining the size of the mutual fund industry around the world," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(1), pages 145-185, October.
    24. Coval, Joshua & Stafford, Erik, 2007. "Asset fire sales (and purchases) in equity markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(2), pages 479-512, November.
    25. Chen, Qi & Goldstein, Itay & Jiang, Wei, 2010. "Payoff complementarities and financial fragility: Evidence from mutual fund outflows," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(2), pages 239-262, August.
    26. repec:ecb:ecbwps:20111426 is not listed on IDEAS
    27. Tim A Kroencke & Maik Schmeling & Andreas Schrimpf, 2015. "Global Asset Allocation Shifts," BIS Working Papers 497, Bank for International Settlements.
    28. Zoltan Pozsar, 2014. "Shadow Banking: The Money View," Working Papers 14-04, Office of Financial Research, US Department of the Treasury.
    29. Werner, Richard A., 2014. "How do banks create money, and why can other firms not do the same? An explanation for the coexistence of lending and deposit-taking," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 71-77.
    30. Morris, Stephen & Shim, Ilhyock & Shin, Hyun Song, 2017. "Redemption risk and cash hoarding by asset managers," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 71-87.
    31. Zeng, Yao, 2017. "A dynamic theory of mutual fund runs and liquidity management," ESRB Working Paper Series 42, European Systemic Risk Board.
    32. Amy K. Edwards & Lawrence E. Harris & Michael S. Piwowar, 2007. "Corporate Bond Market Transaction Costs and Transparency," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 62(3), pages 1421-1451, June.
    33. Dong Lou, 2012. "A Flow-Based Explanation for Return Predictability," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 25(12), pages 3457-3489.
    34. Hendrik Bessembinder & Stacey Jacobsen & William Maxwell & Kumar Venkataraman, 2018. "Capital Commitment and Illiquidity in Corporate Bonds," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 73(4), pages 1615-1661, August.
    35. Baranova, Yuliya & Coen, Jamie & Noss, Joseph & Lowe, Pippa & Silvestri, Laura, 2017. "Simulating stress across the financial system: the resilience of corporate bond markets and the role of investment funds," Bank of England Financial Stability Papers 42, Bank of England.
    36. Bao, Jack & O’Hara, Maureen & (Alex) Zhou, Xing, 2018. "The Volcker Rule and corporate bond market making in times of stress," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 130(1), pages 95-113.
    37. Jack Bao & Jun Pan & Jiang Wang, 2011. "The Illiquidity of Corporate Bonds," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 66(3), pages 911-946, June.
    38. Aneel Keswani & David Stolin, 2008. "Which Money Is Smart? Mutual Fund Buys and Sells of Individual and Institutional Investors," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(1), pages 85-118, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Milan Szabo, 2023. "Cyclical Investment Behavior of Investment Funds: Its Heterogeneity and Drivers," Working Papers 2023/5, Czech National Bank.
    2. Hodula, Martin & Szabo, Milan & Bajzík, Josef, 2024. "Retail fund flows and performance: Insights from supervisory data," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    3. Paulo Leite, 2024. "Performance and investment styles of international multi-asset funds during market crises," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 51(3), pages 783-805, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Molestina Vivar, Luis & Wedow, Michael & Weistroffer, Christian, 2023. "Burned by leverage? Flows and fragility in bond mutual funds," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 354-380.
    2. Dekker, Lennart, 2024. "Essays on asset liquidity and investment funds," Other publications TiSEM 5fc9bf77-84e7-4a36-9e3a-1, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    3. Dekker, Lennart & Molestina Vivar, Luis & Wedow, Michael & Weistroffer, Christian, 2024. "Liquidity buffers and open-end investment funds: Containing outflows or reducing fire sales?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    4. Jiang, Hao & Li, Yi & Sun, Zheng & Wang, Ashley, 2022. "Does mutual fund illiquidity introduce fragility into asset prices? Evidence from the corporate bond market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(1), pages 277-302.
    5. Dekker, Lennart & Molestina Vivar, Luis & Wedow, Michael & Weistroffer, Christian, 2023. "Liquidity buffers and open-end investment funds: containing outflows and reducing fire sales," Working Paper Series 2825, European Central Bank.
    6. Breckenfelder, Johannes & Hoerova, Marie, 2023. "Do non-banks need access to the lender of last resort? Evidence from fund runs," Working Paper Series 2805, European Central Bank.
    7. Goldstein, Itay & Jiang, Hao & Ng, David T., 2017. "Investor flows and fragility in corporate bond funds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(3), pages 592-613.
    8. Antoine Baena & Thomas Garcia, 2023. "Swing Pricing et dynamique des flux au regard de la crise Covid-19," Working papers 914, Banque de France.
    9. Antonio Falato & Itay Goldstein & Ali Hortaçsu, 2020. "Financial Fragility in the COVID-19 Crisis: The Case of Investment Funds in Corporate Bond Markets," Working Papers 2020-98, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.
    10. Thierry Roncalli & Fatma Karray-Meziou & Franc{c}ois Pan & Margaux Regnault, 2021. "Liquidity Stress Testing in Asset Management -- Part 1. Modeling the Liability Liquidity Risk," Papers 2101.02110, arXiv.org.
    11. Choi, Jaewon & Hoseinzade, Saeid & Shin, Sean Seunghun & Tehranian, Hassan, 2020. "Corporate bond mutual funds and asset fire sales," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(2), pages 432-457.
    12. Shui-Tang Wu, Gabriel & Ho-Yeung Wong, Joe & Pak-Wing Fong, Tom, 2024. "Does swing pricing reduce investment funds’ liquidity risk in times of market stress? – Evidence from the March-2020 episode," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    13. Falato, Antonio & Goldstein, Itay & Hortaçsu, Ali, 2021. "Financial fragility in the COVID-19 crisis: The case of investment funds in corporate bond markets," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 35-52.
    14. Agostino Capponi & Paul Glasserman & Marko Weber, 2020. "Swing Pricing for Mutual Funds: Breaking the Feedback Loop Between Fire Sales and Fund Redemptions," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 66(8), pages 3581-3602, August.
    15. Grill, Michael & Molestina Vivar, Luis & Wedow, Michael, 2022. "Mutual fund suspensions during the COVID-19 market turmoil - asset liquidity, liquidity management tools and spillover effects," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    16. Agostino Capponi & Paul Glasserman & Marko Weber, 2018. "Swing Pricing for Mutual Funds: Breaking the Feedback Loop Between Fire Sales and Fund Runs," Working Papers 18-04, Office of Financial Research, US Department of the Treasury.
    17. Yoshihiko Hogen & Yoshiyasu Koide & Yuji Shinozaki, 2022. "Rise of NBFIs and the Global Structural Change in the Transmission of Market Shocks," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 22-E-14, Bank of Japan.
    18. Hodula, Martin & Szabo, Milan & Bajzík, Josef, 2024. "Retail fund flows and performance: Insights from supervisory data," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    19. Thierry Roncalli, 2021. "Liquidity Stress Testing in Asset Management -- Part 3. Managing the Asset-Liability Liquidity Risk," Papers 2110.01302, arXiv.org.
    20. Choi, Jaewon & Kronlund, Mathias & Oh, Ji Yeol Jimmy, 2022. "Sitting bucks: Stale pricing in fixed income funds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(2), pages 296-317.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Investment fund; liquidity management; liquidity transformation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • G30 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - General

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cnb:wpaper:2022/6. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Jan Babecky (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cnbgvcz.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.