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La distance abolie ? Critères et mesure de la mondialisation du commerce extérieur

Author

Listed:
  • Jean-François BRUN

    (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur le Développement International(CERDI))

  • Jaime MELO DE
  • Patrick GUILLAUMONT

    (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur le Développement International(CERDI))

Abstract

We oppose two concepts of trade globalization : (1) the increase of the countries trade to GDP ratio ("globalization-integration"), (2) the alleviation of related to distance obstacles to trade ("geographical globalization"). We choose as a criterion of a possible geographical globalization the decrease of the absolute value of the (negative) distance elasticity of bilateral trade. The trend of this elasticity is estimated through a panel gravitation model of world trade covering the years 1962 to 1995 and a large sample of countries at very different levels of development. Contrary to the globalization-integration, a geographical globalization does not appear. We find a significative position trend of the absolute value of the distance elasticity of trade. Moreover trade between neighbour countries is increasing. So impact of distance has not been decreasing, but is reinforcing. An augmented gravitation model also allows to test significantly the assumptions of scale economies and of decreasing marginal costs of distance. This augmented model evidences again the increasing trend of the impact of distance on trade.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-François BRUN & Jaime MELO DE & Patrick GUILLAUMONT, 1998. "La distance abolie ? Critères et mesure de la mondialisation du commerce extérieur," Working Papers 199830, CERDI.
    • Handle: RePEc:cdi:wpaper:98
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hausman, Jerry A & Taylor, William E, 1981. "Panel Data and Unobservable Individual Effects," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(6), pages 1377-1398, November.
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    3. Sanso, Marcos & Cuairan, Rogelio & Sanz, Fernando, 1993. "Bilateral Trade Flows, the Gravity Equation, and Functional Form," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 75(2), pages 266-275, May.
    4. Coe, David T & Hoffmaister, Alexander W, 1999. "North-South Trade: Is Africa Unusual?," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, vol. 8(2), pages 228-256, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marcias, Manuel & Chevassus-Lozza, Emmanuelle & Latouche, Karine, 2011. "Trade and Transport Modes, A Differentiated Impact of Distance," 2011 International Congress, August 30-September 2, 2011, Zurich, Switzerland 114370, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    2. Jean-François Brun & Céline Carrère & Patrick Guillaumont & Jaime de Melo, 2015. "Has Distance Died? Evidence from a Panel Gravity Model," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Developing Countries in the World Economy, chapter 13, pages 299-320, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    3. Patrick Guillaumont, 2009. "An Economic Vulnerability Index: Its Design and Use for International Development Policy," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(3), pages 193-228.
    4. Xubei Luo, 2004. "The role of infrastructure investment location in China's western development," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3345, The World Bank.
    5. Anonymous or collective, 1998. "Ouvrages sur le développement diffusés en France en novembre 1997 - juillet 1998," Revue Tiers Monde, Programme National Persée, vol. 39(155), pages 701-704.
    6. Patrick GUILLAUMONT, 2007. "EVI and its Use. Design of an Economic Vulnerability Index and its Use for International Development Policy," Working Papers 200714, CERDI.

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