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Los Precios y el Impacto de la Industria en el Crecimiento Económico: Los Casos Inglés (1770-1840) y Colombiano (1923-1998)

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  • Carlos Esteban Posada
  • Edgar Trujillo

Abstract

El desarrollo de las actividades industriales puede tener varios efectos positivos en el crecimiento económico general. En este ensayo examinamos las consecuencias de un cambio técnico industrial en el resto de la economía a través de su efecto en los precios de los bienes industriales. Las predicciones de nuestro ejercicio teórico, basado en un modelo de equilibrio económico bisectorial, son contrastadas con la evidencia empírica de dos casos: el inglés (1770-1840) y el colombiano (1923-1998). En el caso inglés, la evidencia que actualmente se acepta indica de manera clara que el cambio técnico en la industria manufacturera fue un factor importante en la reducción de los precios relativos de los bienes industriales y en la aceleración del crecimiento del conjunto de la economía desde fines del siglo XVIII y hasta mediados del XIX, tal como lo describe nuestro modelo teórico. En el caso colombiano la evidencia disponible sugiere que el mecanismo previamente mencionado (cambio técnico en la actividad manufacturera que reduce los precios industriales y, por tanto, acelera el crecimiento económico) solo ha operado de manera esporádica, con notables y prolongadas interrupciones, y, al menos aparentemente, con debilidad.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Esteban Posada & Edgar Trujillo, 2004. "Los Precios y el Impacto de la Industria en el Crecimiento Económico: Los Casos Inglés (1770-1840) y Colombiano (1923-1998)," Borradores de Economia 312, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:312
    DOI: 10.32468/be.312
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    industria; cambio técnico; precios relativos; crecimiento económico.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
    • O52 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Europe
    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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