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Sovereign Risk and Stock Market Response to Natural Disasters in Emerging Economies

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  • Juan Pablo Bermúdez-Cespedes
  • Luis Fernando Melo-Velandia
  • Daniel Parra-Amado

Abstract

This study examines how natural disasters affect sovereign risk premiums (CDS) and stock returns in emerging economies. Using an event study approach from October 2004 to August 2022, we analyze 1,400 natural disasters across 11 countries, assessing market responses both in aggregate and by disaster type. The analysis also reveals notable country-specific disparities. Results show that: i) while stock returns (mean) are largely unaffected, volatility (variance) increases significantly; ii) sovereign risk premiums respond in both their mean and variance; iii) contagion effects are stronger in volatility than in the mean, with sovereign risk premiums exhibiting greater contagion than stock market dynamics; and iv) Latin American countries are particularly sensitive to contagion, not only from neighboring disasters but also from events in regions like Asia. These findings highlight the differentiated impacts of natural disasters on emerging financial markets, with volatility and sovereign risk exhibiting the most pronounced responses. **** RESUMEN: Este estudio examina cómo los desastres naturales afectan las primas de riesgo soberano (CDS) y los retornos accionarios en economías emergentes. Utilizando un enfoque de estudio de eventos desde octubre de 2004 hasta agosto de 2022, se analizan 1.400 desastres naturales en 11 países, evaluando las respuestas del mercado tanto de forma agregada como por tipo de desastre. El análisis también revela notables disparidades a nivel de país. Los resultados muestran que: i) aunque los retornos accionarios (media) no se ven significativamente afectados, la volatilidad (varianza) aumenta considerablemente; ii) las primas de riesgo soberano responden tanto en su nivel (media) como en su varianza; iii) los efectos de contagio son más fuertes en la volatilidad que en la media, con una mayor incidencia en las primas de riesgo soberano que en la dinámica de los mercados bursátiles; y iv) los países de América Latina son particularmente sensibles al contagio, tanto por desastres ocurridos en países vecinos como en regiones como Asia. Estos hallazgos resaltan los impactos diferenciados de los desastres naturales en los mercados financieros emergentes, con respuestas más pronunciadas en la volatilidad y el riesgo soberano.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Pablo Bermúdez-Cespedes & Luis Fernando Melo-Velandia & Daniel Parra-Amado, 2025. "Sovereign Risk and Stock Market Response to Natural Disasters in Emerging Economies," Borradores de Economia 1303, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1303
    DOI: 10.32468/be.1303
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Natural disasters; Stock returns; Sovereign risk premium (CDS); GARCH; Event studyDesastres naturales; Rendimientos bursátiles; Primas de riesgo soberano (CDS); GARCH; Estudio de eventos.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • C4 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics
    • H63 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Debt; Debt Management; Sovereign Debt
    • D53 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Financial Markets

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