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Caracterización de la inversión extranjera directa en Colombia (IED): actividades distintas a minas y petróleo

Author

Listed:
  • Adrián Martínez-Osorio
  • Enrique Montes-Uribe
  • Iader Giraldo-Salazar
  • Juan Camilo Santos-Peña

Abstract

La inversión extranjera directa (IED) ha sido la mayor fuente de financiamiento externo de las empresas en Colombia. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una caracterización de la IED en los sectores diferentes a minas y petróleo, así como de las empresas receptoras de este tipo de inversión en Colombia para el periodo comprendido entre los años 2000 y 2020, cuandoel 59% del flujo acumulado de IED arribó a estos sectores. Los resultados muestran que la frecuencia con la que estas firmas reciben recursos a través IED se encuentra entre 1 y 3 años. Su participación en el comercio exterior está más vinculada a las importaciones que a las exportaciones, con lo que se podría inferir que el objetivo de estas inversiones es más proveer bienes y servicios al mercado local que escalar la producción para cooptar mercados regionales o globales. Un gran porcentaje del valor de la IED en estos sectores es canalizado fundamentalmente por empresas grandes. Así mismo, son las empresas más grandes las que determinan los resultados financieros de cada subsector, lo que revela una la alta concentración de la producción en estas actividades específicas. **** ABSTRACT: Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been Colombia's largest external financing source for companies. This paper aims to characterize FDI in sectors other than mining and oil and the companies receiving this type of investment in Colombia between 2000 and 2020, when 59% of the accumulated flow of FDI arrived in these sectors. The results show that the frequency with which these firms receive resources through FDI is between 1 and 3 yea rs. Their participation in foreign trade is more linked to imports than exports. The last could be inferred that the objective of these investments is more to supply goods and services to the local market than to scale production to co-opt regional or global markets. A large percentage of the value of FDI in these sectors is channeled primarily by large companies. Likewise, the largest firms determine each subsector's financial performance, revealing a high concentration of production in these specific activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Adrián Martínez-Osorio & Enrique Montes-Uribe & Iader Giraldo-Salazar & Juan Camilo Santos-Peña, 2023. "Caracterización de la inversión extranjera directa en Colombia (IED): actividades distintas a minas y petróleo," Borradores de Economia 1227, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1227
    DOI: 10.32468/be.1227
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    Keywords

    Inversión extranjera directa en Colombia; balanza de pagos; cuenta corriente; cuenta financiera; economía internacional; Foreign direct investment in Colombia; Balance of Payments; current account; financial account; international economics;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics

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