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¿Cómo afecta la complejidad de la regulación a la demografía empresarial? Evidencia para España

Author

Listed:
  • Juan S. Mora-Sanguinetti

    (Banco de España)

  • Ricardo Pérez-Valls

    (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)

Abstract

El volumen de regulación y su fragmentación son importantes para la demografía empresarial. El motivo es que podrían implicar discontinuidades en el mercado, reduciendo su tamaño y limitando así las ganancias por economías de escala de las empresas. Este documento tiene dos objetivos: por un lado, analiza los resultados de una nueva base de datos de regulación en España y, por otro, explora los impactos de la complejidad del marco normativo en la demografía empresarial. El volumen total de producción normativa de España se ha multiplicado por cuatro desde finales de los años setenta, hasta alcanzar las 11.737 normas en 2018. Los resultados de nuestro análisis indican que la complejidad del marco normativo en España a escala desagregada se relaciona negativamente con el número total de empresas y con el capital de las empresas entrantes. Este resultado esconde, sin embargo, un interesante efecto composición: los impactos son distintos según el tipo de empresa (y su tamaño). La complejidad se relaciona negativamente con el número de sociedades de responsabilidad limitada, que tienen un mayor tamaño y podrían aprovechar las economías de escala (y, potencialmente, actuar en distintos territorios). Sin embargo, se relaciona positivamente con la presencia de personas físicas empresarias (de menor tamaño), circunscritas más usualmente a la normativa y el mercado local como nicho de actividad. El análisis propuesto en este documento tiene relevancia para el estudio de la productividad en España.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan S. Mora-Sanguinetti & Ricardo Pérez-Valls, 2020. "¿Cómo afecta la complejidad de la regulación a la demografía empresarial? Evidencia para España," Working Papers 2002, Banco de España.
    • Handle: RePEc:bde:wpaper:2002
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    complejidad de la regulación; volumen de regulación; fragmentación de la regulación; demografía empresarial; productividad;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • K2 - Law and Economics - - Regulation and Business Law
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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