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Can AI Enhance its Creativity to Beat Humans ?

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  • Anne-Gaelle Maltese
  • Pierre Pelletier
  • R'emy Guichardaz

Abstract

Creativity is a fundamental pillar of human expression and a driving force behind innovation, yet it now stands at a crossroads. As artificial intelligence advances at an astonishing pace, the question arises: can machines match and potentially surpass human creativity? This study investigates the creative performance of artificial intelligence (AI) compared to humans by analyzing the effects of two distinct prompting strategies (a Naive and an Expert AI) on AI and across three different tasks (Text, Draw and Alternative Uses tasks). Human external evaluators have scored creative outputs generated by humans and AI, and these subjective creative scores were complemented with objective measures based on quantitative measurements and NLP tools. The results reveal that AI generally outperforms humans in creative tasks, though this advantage is nuanced by the specific nature of each task and the chosen creativity criteria. Ultimately, while AI demonstrates superior performance in certain creative domains, our results suggest that integrating human feedback is crucial for maximizing AI's creative potential.

Suggested Citation

  • Anne-Gaelle Maltese & Pierre Pelletier & R'emy Guichardaz, 2024. "Can AI Enhance its Creativity to Beat Humans ?," Papers 2409.18776, arXiv.org.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2409.18776
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ward, Thomas B., 2004. "Cognition, creativity, and entrepreneurship," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 173-188, March.
    2. Gary Charness & Daniela Grieco, 2019. "Creativity and Incentives," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 17(2), pages 454-496.
    3. Anne-Gaëlle Maltese & Sara Gil-Gallen & Patrick Llerena, 2023. "Disentangling the role of surface and deep-level variables on individuals’ and groups’ creative performance: A cross-level experimental evidence," Working Papers of BETA 2023-19, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.
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