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Machine Learning-powered Pricing of the Multidimensional Passport Option

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Listed:
  • Josef Teichmann
  • Hanna Wutte

Abstract

Introduced in the late 90s, the passport option gives its holder the right to trade in a market and receive any positive gain in the resulting traded account at maturity. Pricing the option amounts to solving a stochastic control problem that for $d>1$ risky assets remains an open problem. Even in a correlated Black-Scholes (BS) market with $d=2$ risky assets, no optimal trading strategy has been derived in closed form. In this paper, we derive a discrete-time solution for multi-dimensional BS markets with uncorrelated assets. Moreover, inspired by the success of deep reinforcement learning in, e.g., board games, we propose two machine learning-powered approaches to pricing general options on a portfolio value in general markets. These approaches prove to be successful for pricing the passport option in one-dimensional and multi-dimensional uncorrelated BS markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Josef Teichmann & Hanna Wutte, 2023. "Machine Learning-powered Pricing of the Multidimensional Passport Option," Papers 2307.14887, arXiv.org.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2307.14887
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Steven E. Shreve & Jan Vecer, 2000. "Options on a traded account: Vacation calls, vacation puts and passport options," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 4(3), pages 255-274.
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    3. Hyungsok Ahn & Antony Penaud & Paul Wilmott, 1999. "Various passport options and their valuation," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 6(4), pages 275-292.
    4. Michael Roper & Marek Rutkowski, 2009. "On The Relationship Between The Call Price Surface And The Implied Volatility Surface Close To Expiry," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 12(04), pages 427-441.
    5. H. Ahn & A. Penaud & P. Wilmott, 1999. "Various Passport Options and Their Valuation," OFRC Working Papers Series 1999mf15, Oxford Financial Research Centre.
    6. Vicky Henderson & David Hobson, 2001. "Passport options with stochastic volatility," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(2), pages 97-118.
    7. Steven Kou & Xianhua Peng & Xingbo Xu, 2016. "EM Algorithm and Stochastic Control in Economics," Papers 1611.01767, arXiv.org.
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