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Automated Identification of Climate Risk Disclosures in Annual Corporate Reports

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  • David Friederich
  • Lynn H. Kaack
  • Alexandra Luccioni
  • Bjarne Steffen

Abstract

It is important for policymakers to understand which financial policies are effective in increasing climate risk disclosure in corporate reporting. We use machine learning to automatically identify disclosures of five different types of climate-related risks. For this purpose, we have created a dataset of over 120 manually-annotated annual reports by European firms. Applying our approach to reporting of 337 firms over the last 20 years, we find that risk disclosure is increasing. Disclosure of transition risks grows more dynamically than physical risks, and there are marked differences across industries. Country-specific dynamics indicate that regulatory environments potentially have an important role to play for increasing disclosure.

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  • David Friederich & Lynn H. Kaack & Alexandra Luccioni & Bjarne Steffen, 2021. "Automated Identification of Climate Risk Disclosures in Annual Corporate Reports," Papers 2108.01415, arXiv.org.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2108.01415
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gregor Semieniuk & Emanuele Campiglio & Jean‐Francois Mercure & Ulrich Volz & Neil R. Edwards, 2021. "Low‐carbon transition risks for finance," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(1), January.
    2. Nadia Ameli & Paul Drummond & Alexander Bisaro & Michael Grubb & Hugues Chenet, 2020. "Climate finance and disclosure for institutional investors: why transparency is not enough," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 160(4), pages 565-589, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alessi, Lucia & Ossola, Elisa & Panzica, Roberto, 2023. "When do investors go green? Evidence from a time-varying asset-pricing model," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    2. Düsterhöft, Maximilian & Schiemann, Frank & Walther, Thomas, 2023. "Let’s talk about risk! Stock market effects of risk disclosure for European energy utilities," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    3. Rob Bauer & Dirk Broeders & Annick van Ool, 2023. "Walk the green talk? A textual analysis of pension funds’ disclosures of sustainable investing," Working Papers 770, DNB.
    4. Shan Zhou, 2022. "Reporting and Assurance of Climate‐Related and Other Sustainability Information: A Review of Research and Practice," Australian Accounting Review, CPA Australia, vol. 32(3), pages 315-333, September.

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