IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/arx/papers/2104.04134.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Wealth distribution in modern societies: collected data and a master equation approach

Author

Listed:
  • Istvan Gere
  • Szabolcs Kelemen
  • Geza Toth
  • Tamas Biro
  • Zoltan Neda

Abstract

A mean-field like stochastic evolution equation with growth and reset terms (LGGR model) is used to model wealth distribution in modern societies. The stationary solution of the model leads to an analytical form for the density function that is successful in describing the observed data for all wealth categories. In the limit of high wealth values the proposed density function has the accepted Tsallis-Pareto shape. Our results are in agreement with the predictions of an earlier approach based on a mean-field like wealth exchange process.

Suggested Citation

  • Istvan Gere & Szabolcs Kelemen & Geza Toth & Tamas Biro & Zoltan Neda, 2021. "Wealth distribution in modern societies: collected data and a master equation approach," Papers 2104.04134, arXiv.org.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2104.04134
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.04134
    File Function: Latest version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Moshe Levy & Haim Levy, 2003. "Investment Talent and the Pareto Wealth Distribution: Theoretical and Experimental Analysis," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 85(3), pages 709-725, August.
    2. Néda, Zoltán & Davidova, Larissa & Újvári, Szeréna & Istrate, Gabriel, 2017. "Gambler’s ruin problem on Erdős–Rényi graphs," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 468(C), pages 147-157.
    3. Ishikawa, Atushi, 2005. "Pareto law and Pareto index in the income distribution of Japanese companies," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 349(3), pages 597-608.
    4. James B. Davies & Susanna Sandström & Anthony Shorrocks & Edward N. Wolff, 2011. "The Level and Distribution of Global Household Wealth," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 121(551), pages 223-254, March.
    5. Lennart Fernandes & Jacques Tempere, 2020. "Effect of segregation on inequality in kinetic models of wealth exchange," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 93(3), pages 1-8, March.
    6. Lennart Fernandes & Jacques Tempere, 2020. "Effect of segregation on inequality in kinetic models of wealth exchange," Papers 2003.04129, arXiv.org.
    7. Dan Cao & Wenlan Luo, 2017. "Persistent Heterogeneous Returns and Top End Wealth Inequality," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 26, pages 301-326, October.
    8. Gerhard Sorger, 2000. "Income and wealth distribution in a simple model of growth," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 16(1), pages 23-42.
    9. Klass, Oren S. & Biham, Ofer & Levy, Moshe & Malcai, Ofer & Solomon, Sorin, 2006. "The Forbes 400 and the Pareto wealth distribution," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 90(2), pages 290-295, February.
    10. Jean-Philippe Bouchaud & Marc Mezard, 2000. "Wealth condensation in a simple model of economy," Science & Finance (CFM) working paper archive 500026, Science & Finance, Capital Fund Management.
    11. Derzsy, N. & Néda, Z. & Santos, M.A., 2012. "Income distribution patterns from a complete social security database," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(22), pages 5611-5619.
    12. Charles I. Jones, 2015. "Pareto and Piketty: The Macroeconomics of Top Income and Wealth Inequality," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 29(1), pages 29-46, Winter.
    13. Biró, T.S. & Néda, Z., 2018. "Unidirectional random growth with resetting," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 499(C), pages 335-361.
    14. Cui, Lijie & Lin, Chuandong, 2021. "A simple and efficient kinetic model for wealth distribution with saving propensity effect: Based on lattice gas automaton," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 561(C).
    15. Coelho, Ricardo & Néda, Zoltán & Ramasco, José J. & Augusta Santos, Maria, 2005. "A family-network model for wealth distribution in societies," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 353(C), pages 515-528.
    16. Cardoso, Ben-Hur Francisco & Gonçalves, Sebastián & Iglesias, José Roberto, 2020. "Wealth distribution models with regulations: Dynamics and equilibria," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 551(C).
    17. F. Clementi & M. Gallegati & G. Kaniadakis, 2012. "A generalized statistical model for the size distribution of wealth," Papers 1209.4787, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2012.
    18. Néda, Zoltán & Gere, István & Biró, Tamás S. & Tóth, Géza & Derzsy, Noemi, 2020. "Scaling in income inequalities and its dynamical origin," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 549(C).
    19. A. Drăgulescu & V.M. Yakovenko, 2001. "Evidence for the exponential distribution of income in the USA," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 20(4), pages 585-589, April.
    20. N. Derzsy & Z. Neda & M. A. Santos, 2012. "Income distribution patterns from a complete social security database," Papers 1203.1880, arXiv.org.
    21. Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe & Mézard, Marc, 2000. "Wealth condensation in a simple model of economy," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 282(3), pages 536-545.
    22. Zoltan Neda & Istvan Gere & Tamas S. Biro & Geza Toth & Noemi Derzsy, 2019. "Scaling in Income Inequalities and its Dynamical Origin," Papers 1911.02449, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2020.
    23. Arnab Chatterjee & Bikas K. Chakrabarti & Robin B. Stinchcombe, 2005. "Master equation for a kinetic model of trading market and its analytic solution," Papers cond-mat/0501413, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2005.
    24. repec:cup:cbooks:9781107013445 is not listed on IDEAS
    25. Victor M. Yakovenko & J. Barkley Rosser, 2009. "Colloquium: Statistical mechanics of money, wealth, and income," Papers 0905.1518, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2009.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ilda Inácio & José Velhinho, 2022. "Comments on Mathematical Aspects of the Biró–Néda Model," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-10, February.
    2. Gere, István & Kelemen, Szabolcs & Néda, Zoltán & Biró, Tamás S., 2024. "Jackpot statistics, a physicist’s approach," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 637(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gere, István & Kelemen, Szabolcs & Tóth, Géza & Biró, Tamás S. & Néda, Zoltán, 2021. "Wealth distribution in modern societies: Collected data and a master equation approach," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 581(C).
    2. Néda, Zoltán & Gere, István & Biró, Tamás S. & Tóth, Géza & Derzsy, Noemi, 2020. "Scaling in income inequalities and its dynamical origin," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 549(C).
    3. Zoltan Neda & Istvan Gere & Tamas S. Biro & Geza Toth & Noemi Derzsy, 2019. "Scaling in Income Inequalities and its Dynamical Origin," Papers 1911.02449, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2020.
    4. Boghosian, Bruce M. & Devitt-Lee, Adrian & Johnson, Merek & Li, Jie & Marcq, Jeremy A. & Wang, Hongyan, 2017. "Oligarchy as a phase transition: The effect of wealth-attained advantage in a Fokker–Planck description of asset exchange," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 476(C), pages 15-37.
    5. Ilda Inácio & José Velhinho, 2022. "Comments on Mathematical Aspects of the Biró–Néda Model," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-10, February.
    6. Ogwang, Tomson, 2013. "Is the wealth of the world’s billionaires Paretian?," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 392(4), pages 757-762.
    7. Aloys Prinz, 2016. "Do capitalistic institutions breed billionaires?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 51(4), pages 1319-1332, December.
    8. Yong Tao & Xiangjun Wu & Tao Zhou & Weibo Yan & Yanyuxiang Huang & Han Yu & Benedict Mondal & Victor M. Yakovenko, 2019. "Exponential structure of income inequality: evidence from 67 countries," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 14(2), pages 345-376, June.
    9. Patriarca, Marco & Chakraborti, Anirban & Germano, Guido, 2006. "Influence of saving propensity on the power-law tail of the wealth distribution," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 369(2), pages 723-736.
    10. Chami Figueira, F. & Moura, N.J. & Ribeiro, M.B., 2011. "The Gompertz–Pareto income distribution," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(4), pages 689-698.
    11. Newby, Michael & Behr, Adam & Feizabadi, Mitra Shojania, 2011. "Investigating the distribution of personal income obtained from the recent U.S. data," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 1170-1173, May.
    12. Anirban Chakraborti & Ioane Muni Toke & Marco Patriarca & Frédéric Abergel, 2011. "Econophysics review: II. Agent-based models," Post-Print hal-00621059, HAL.
    13. Anwar Shaikh, 2018. "Some Universal Patterns in Income Distribution: An Econophysics Approach," Working Papers 1808, New School for Social Research, Department of Economics.
    14. Thomas Goda, 2014. "Global trends in relative and absolute wealth concentrations," Documentos de Trabajo de Valor Público 10897, Universidad EAFIT.
    15. Thomas Goda, 2018. "The global concentration of wealth [Persistence of power, elites, and institutions]," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 42(1), pages 95-115.
    16. Tam'as S. Bir'o & Zolt'an N'eda, 2020. "Gintropy: Gini index based generalization of Entropy," Papers 2007.04829, arXiv.org.
    17. Scott Lawrence & Qin Liu & Victor M. Yakovenko, 2013. "Global inequality in energy consumption from 1980 to 2010," Papers 1312.6443, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2014.
    18. Venkatasubramanian, Venkat & Luo, Yu & Sethuraman, Jay, 2015. "How much inequality in income is fair? A microeconomic game theoretic perspective," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 435(C), pages 120-138.
    19. Smerlak, Matteo, 2016. "Thermodynamics of inequalities: From precariousness to economic stratification," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 441(C), pages 40-50.
    20. Tomson Ogwang, 2011. "Power laws in top wealth distributions: evidence from Canada," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 41(2), pages 473-486, October.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2104.04134. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: arXiv administrators (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://arxiv.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.