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Carbon Monitor: a near-real-time daily dataset of global CO2 emission from fossil fuel and cement production

Author

Listed:
  • Zhu Liu
  • Philippe Ciais
  • Zhu Deng
  • Steven J. Davis
  • Bo Zheng
  • Yilong Wang
  • Duo Cui
  • Biqing Zhu
  • Xinyu Dou
  • Piyu Ke
  • Taochun Sun
  • Rui Guo
  • Olivier Boucher
  • Francois-Marie Breon
  • Chenxi Lu
  • Runtao Guo
  • Eulalie Boucher
  • Frederic Chevallier

Abstract

We constructed a near-real-time daily CO2 emission dataset, namely the Carbon Monitor, to monitor the variations of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production since January 1st 2019 at national level with near-global coverage on a daily basis, with the potential to be frequently updated. Daily CO2 emissions are estimated from a diverse range of activity data, including: hourly to daily electrical power generation data of 29 countries, monthly production data and production indices of industry processes of 62 countries/regions, daily mobility data and mobility indices of road transportation of 416 cities worldwide. Individual flight location data and monthly data were utilised for aviation and maritime transportation sectors estimates. In addition, monthly fuel consumption data that corrected for daily air temperature of 206 countries were used for estimating the emissions from commercial and residential buildings. This Carbon Monitor dataset manifests the dynamic nature of CO2 emissions through daily, weekly and seasonal variations as influenced by workdays and holidays, as well as the unfolding impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Carbon Monitor near-real-time CO2 emission dataset shows a 7.8% decline of CO2 emission globally from Jan 1st to Apr 30th in 2020 when compared with the same period in 2019, and detects a re-growth of CO2 emissions by late April which are mainly attributed to the recovery of economy activities in China and partial easing of lockdowns in other countries. Further, this daily updated CO2 emission dataset could offer a range of opportunities for related scientific research and policy making.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhu Liu & Philippe Ciais & Zhu Deng & Steven J. Davis & Bo Zheng & Yilong Wang & Duo Cui & Biqing Zhu & Xinyu Dou & Piyu Ke & Taochun Sun & Rui Guo & Olivier Boucher & Francois-Marie Breon & Chenxi Lu, 2020. "Carbon Monitor: a near-real-time daily dataset of global CO2 emission from fossil fuel and cement production," Papers 2006.07690, arXiv.org.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2006.07690
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    1. Junfang Sun & Ji Chen & Xiang Peng & Yu Zhang & Jialin Mo & Xin Liao & Qiang Tang, 2022. "The Utilization of Modified Zeolite for the Removal of Cs Ions in an Aqueous Solution: Adsorption Capacity, Isotherms, Kinetics and Microscopic Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Wesam Salah Alaloul & Muhammad Ali Musarat & Muhammad Babar Ali Rabbani & Qaiser Iqbal & Ahsen Maqsoom & Waqas Farooq, 2021. "Construction Sector Contribution to Economic Stability: Malaysian GDP Distribution," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-26, April.
    3. Muhammad Ali Musarat & Wesam Salah Alaloul & M. S. Liew & Ahsen Maqsoom & Abdul Hannan Qureshi, 2021. "The Effect of Inflation Rate on CO 2 Emission: A Framework for Malaysian Construction Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-16, February.
    4. Chung Hong Tan & Mei Yin Ong & Saifuddin M. Nomanbhay & Abd Halim Shamsuddin & Pau Loke Show, 2021. "The Influence of COVID-19 on Global CO 2 Emissions and Climate Change: A Perspective from Malaysia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-19, July.
    5. YunQian Zhang & Li Li & Muhammad Sadiq & FengSheng Chien, 2024. "The impact of non-renewable energy production and energy usage on carbon emissions: Evidence from China," Energy & Environment, , vol. 35(4), pages 2248-2269, June.
    6. Clora, Francesco & Yu, Wusheng & Corong, Erwin, 2023. "Alternative carbon border adjustment mechanisms in the European Union and international responses: Aggregate and within-coalition results," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    7. Fabra, Natalia & Lacuesta, Aitor & Souza, Mateus, 2022. "The implicit cost of carbon abatement during the COVID-19 pandemic," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    8. Junfang Sun & Angran Tian & Zheyuan Feng & Yu Zhang & Feiyang Jiang & Qiang Tang, 2021. "Evaluation of Zero-Valent Iron for Pb(II) Contaminated Soil Remediation: From the Analysis of Experimental Mechanism Hybird with Carbon Emission Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-13, January.
    9. Yuriy Leonidovich Zhukovskiy & Daria Evgenievna Batueva & Alexandra Dmitrievna Buldysko & Bernard Gil & Valeriia Vladimirovna Starshaia, 2021. "Fossil Energy in the Framework of Sustainable Development: Analysis of Prospects and Development of Forecast Scenarios," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-28, August.
    10. Shaojie Song & Haiyang Lin & Peter Sherman & Xi Yang & Chris P. Nielsen & Xinyu Chen & Michael B. McElroy, 2021. "Production of hydrogen from offshore wind in China and cost-competitive supply to Japan," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.
    11. Chunli Zhou & Xiqiao Lin & Renhao Wang & Bowei Song, 2023. "Real-Time Carbon Emissions Monitoring of High-Energy-Consumption Enterprises in Guangxi Based on Electricity Big Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-19, July.
    12. Jianghua Liu & Mengxu Li & Yitao Ding, 2021. "Econometric analysis of the impact of the urban population size on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(12), pages 18186-18203, December.
    13. Xinyu Dou & Yilong Wang & Philippe Ciais & Fr'ed'eric Chevallier & Steven J. Davis & Monica Crippa & Greet Janssens-Maenhout & Diego Guizzardi & Efisio Solazzo & Feifan Yan & Da Huo & Zheng Bo & Zhu D, 2021. "Global Gridded Daily CO$_2$ Emissions," Papers 2107.08586, arXiv.org.
    14. Zhu Liu & Biqing Zhu & Philippe Ciais & Steven J. Davis & Chenxi Lu & Haiwang Zhong & Piyu Ke & Yanan Cui & Zhu Deng & Duo Cui & Taochun Sun & Xinyu Dou & Jianguang Tan & Rui Guo & Bo Zheng & Katsumas, 2021. "De-carbonization of global energy use during the COVID-19 pandemic," Papers 2102.03240, arXiv.org.
    15. Cao, Jidi & Chen, Xin & Qiu, Rui & Hou, Shuhua, 2021. "Electric vehicle industry sustainable development with a stakeholder engagement system," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).

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