IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/arx/papers/1905.05730.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Asset Pricing with Heterogeneous Beliefs and Illiquidity

Author

Listed:
  • Johannes Muhle-Karbe
  • Marcel Nutz
  • Xiaowei Tan

Abstract

This paper studies the equilibrium price of an asset that is traded in continuous time between N agents who have heterogeneous beliefs about the state process underlying the asset's payoff. We propose a tractable model where agents maximize expected returns under quadratic costs on inventories and trading rates. The unique equilibrium price is characterized by a weakly coupled system of linear parabolic equations which shows that holding and liquidity costs play dual roles. We derive the leading-order asymptotics for small transaction and holding costs which give further insight into the equilibrium and the consequences of illiquidity.

Suggested Citation

  • Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Marcel Nutz & Xiaowei Tan, 2019. "Asset Pricing with Heterogeneous Beliefs and Illiquidity," Papers 1905.05730, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2020.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:1905.05730
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.05730
    File Function: Latest version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Harald Hau, 2006. "The Role of Transaction Costs for Financial Volatility: Evidence from the Paris Bourse," Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, vol. 4(4), pages 862-890, June.
    2. Bruno Bouchard & Masaaki Fukasawa & Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe, 2018. "Equilibrium returns with transaction costs," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 569-601, July.
    3. Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Dylan Possamai, 2019. "Equilibrium Asset Pricing with Transaction Costs," Papers 1901.10989, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2020.
    4. Harjoat S. Bhamra & Raman Uppal, 2014. "Asset Prices with Heterogeneity in Preferences and Beliefs," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 27(2), pages 519-580.
    5. Jose A. Scheinkman & Wei Xiong, 2003. "Overconfidence and Speculative Bubbles," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 111(6), pages 1183-1219, December.
    6. Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Marcel Nutz, 2016. "A Risk-Neutral Equilibrium Leading to Uncertain Volatility Pricing," Papers 1612.09152, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2018.
    7. Andrew W. Lo & Harry Mamaysky & Jiang Wang, 2004. "Asset Prices and Trading Volume under Fixed Transactions Costs," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 112(5), pages 1054-1090, October.
    8. Jones, Charles M & Seguin, Paul J, 1997. "Transaction Costs and Price Volatility: Evidence from Commission Deregulation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 87(4), pages 728-737, September.
    9. Jean-Luc Vila & Dimitri Vayanos, 1999. "Equilibrium interest rate and liquidity premium with transaction costs," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 13(3), pages 509-539.
    10. Duffie, Darrell & Garleanu, Nicolae & Pedersen, Lasse Heje, 2002. "Securities lending, shorting, and pricing," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(2-3), pages 307-339.
    11. Erhan Bayraktar & Alexander Munk, 2017. "Mini-Flash Crashes, Model Risk, and Optimal Execution," Papers 1705.09827, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2018.
    12. Ludovic Moreau & Johannes Muhle-Karbe & H. Mete Soner, 2017. "Trading With Small Price Impact," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(2), pages 350-400, April.
    13. Buss, Adrian & Dumas, Bernard & Uppal, Raman & Vilkov, Grigory, 2016. "The intended and unintended consequences of financial-market regulations: A general-equilibrium analysis," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 25-43.
    14. Nicolae Gârleanu & Lasse Heje Pedersen, 2013. "Dynamic Trading with Predictable Returns and Transaction Costs," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(6), pages 2309-2340, December.
    15. Kohlmann, Michael & Tang, Shanjian, 2002. "Global adapted solution of one-dimensional backward stochastic Riccati equations, with application to the mean-variance hedging," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 97(2), pages 255-288, February.
    16. N. El Karoui & S. Peng & M. C. Quenez, 1997. "Backward Stochastic Differential Equations in Finance," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 7(1), pages 1-71, January.
    17. Marcel Nutz & Jos'e A. Scheinkman, 2017. "Shorting in Speculative Markets," Papers 1705.05882, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2019.
    18. Vayanos, Dimitri, 1998. "Transaction Costs and Asset Prices: A Dynamic Equilibrium Model," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 11(1), pages 1-58.
    19. Jaksa Cvitanic & Elyès Jouini & Semyon Malamud & Clotilde Napp, 2011. "Financial Markets Equilibrium with Heterogeneous Agents," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 16(1), pages 285-321.
    20. Dirk Becherer & Martin Schweizer, 2005. "Classical solutions to reaction-diffusion systems for hedging problems with interacting Ito and point processes," Papers math/0505208, arXiv.org.
    21. Umlauf, Steven R., 1993. "Transaction taxes and the behavior of the Swedish stock market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 227-240, April.
    22. Kim Weston, 2017. "Existence of a Radner equilibrium in a model with transaction costs," Papers 1702.01706, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2018.
    23. Sannikov, Yuliy & Skrzypacz, Andrzej, 2016. "Dynamic Trading: Price Inertia and Front-Running," Research Papers 3487, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
    24. Amihud, Yakov & Mendelson, Haim, 1986. "Asset pricing and the bid-ask spread," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 223-249, December.
    25. Marcel Nutz & José A. Scheinkman, 2017. "Supply and Shorting in Speculative Markets," NBER Working Papers 23751, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    26. Philippe Casgrain & Sebastian Jaimungal, 2018. "Mean-Field Games with Differing Beliefs for Algorithmic Trading," Papers 1810.06101, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2019.
    27. Jin Hyuk Choi & Kasper Larsen & Duane J. Seppi, 2018. "Equilibrium Effects of Intraday Order-Splitting Benchmarks," Papers 1803.08336, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2020.
    28. Gârleanu, Nicolae & Pedersen, Lasse Heje, 2016. "Dynamic portfolio choice with frictions," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 487-516.
    29. Bruno Bouchard & Masaaki Fukasawa & Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe, 2017. "Equilibrium Returns with Transaction Costs," Papers 1707.08464, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2018.
    30. Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Marcel Nutz, 2018. "A risk-neutral equilibrium leading to uncertain volatility pricing," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 281-295, April.
    31. Bruno Bouchard & Masaaki Fukasawa & Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe, 2018. "Equilibrium Returns with Transaction Costs," Post-Print hal-01569408, HAL.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Xiaofei Shi & Chen Yang, 2020. "An Equilibrium Model for the Cross-Section of Liquidity Premia," Papers 2011.13625, arXiv.org.
    2. Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Dylan Possamaï, 2021. "Equilibrium asset pricing with transaction costs," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 231-275, April.
    3. Seunghyun Lee & Hyungbin Park, 2020. "Conditions for bubbles to arise under heterogeneous beliefs," Papers 2012.13753, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2021.
    4. Peter Bank & Ibrahim Ekren & Johannes Muhle‐Karbe, 2021. "Liquidity in competitive dealer markets," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(3), pages 827-856, July.
    5. Masaaki Fukasawa & Takashi Sato & Jun Sekine, 2023. "Backward stochastic difference equations on lattices with application to market equilibrium analysis," Papers 2312.10883, arXiv.org.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Johannes Muhle‐Karbe & Marcel Nutz & Xiaowei Tan, 2020. "Asset pricing with heterogeneous beliefs and illiquidity," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(4), pages 1392-1421, October.
    2. Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Dylan Possamaï, 2021. "Equilibrium asset pricing with transaction costs," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 231-275, April.
    3. Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Dylan Possamai, 2019. "Equilibrium Asset Pricing with Transaction Costs," Papers 1901.10989, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2020.
    4. Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Xiaofei Shi & Chen Yang, 2020. "An Equilibrium Model for the Cross-Section of Liquidity Premia," Papers 2011.13625, arXiv.org.
    5. Lukas Gonon & Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Xiaofei Shi, 2019. "Asset Pricing with General Transaction Costs: Theory and Numerics," Papers 1905.05027, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2020.
    6. Lukas Gonon & Johannes Muhle‐Karbe & Xiaofei Shi, 2021. "Asset pricing with general transaction costs: Theory and numerics," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(2), pages 595-648, April.
    7. Eunjung Noh & Kim Weston, 2020. "Price impact equilibrium with transaction costs and TWAP trading," Papers 2002.08286, arXiv.org.
    8. Bruno Bouchard & Masaaki Fukasawa & Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe, 2018. "Equilibrium Returns with Transaction Costs," Post-Print hal-01569408, HAL.
    9. Xiaofei Shi & Daran Xu & Zhanhao Zhang, 2021. "Deep Learning Algorithms for Hedging with Frictions," Papers 2111.01931, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2022.
    10. Bruno Bouchard & Masaaki Fukasawa & Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe, 2017. "Equilibrium Returns with Transaction Costs," Papers 1707.08464, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2018.
    11. Xiaofei Shi & Daran Xu & Zhanhao Zhang, 2023. "Deep learning algorithms for hedging with frictions," Digital Finance, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 113-147, March.
    12. Peter Bank & Ibrahim Ekren & Johannes Muhle‐Karbe, 2021. "Liquidity in competitive dealer markets," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(3), pages 827-856, July.
    13. Xiao Chen & Jin Hyuk Choi & Kasper Larsen & Duane J. Seppi, 2023. "Price impact in Nash equilibria," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 27(2), pages 305-340, April.
    14. Bruno Bouchard & Masaaki Fukasawa & Martin Herdegen & Johannes Muhle-Karbe, 2018. "Equilibrium returns with transaction costs," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 569-601, July.
    15. Alain Bensoussan & Guiyuan Ma & Chi Chung Siu & Sheung Chi Phillip Yam, 2022. "Dynamic mean–variance problem with frictions," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 26(2), pages 267-300, April.
    16. Xiao Chen & Jin Hyuk Choi & Kasper Larsen & Duane J. Seppi, 2019. "Resolving asset pricing puzzles using price-impact," Papers 1910.02466, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2020.
    17. Adrian Buss & Bernard Dumas, 2019. "The Dynamic Properties of Financial‐Market Equilibrium with Trading Fees," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 74(2), pages 795-844, April.
    18. Ma, Guiyuan & Siu, Chi Chung & Zhu, Song-Ping, 2022. "Portfolio choice with return predictability and small trading frictions," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    19. Buss, Adrian & Uppal, Raman & Vilkov, Grigory, 2015. "Asset prices in general equilibrium with recursive utility and illiquidity induced by transactions costs," SAFE Working Paper Series 41, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, revised 2015.
    20. Dimitri Vayanos & Pierre‐Olivier Weill, 2008. "A Search‐Based Theory of the On‐the‐Run Phenomenon," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(3), pages 1361-1398, June.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:arx:papers:1905.05730. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: arXiv administrators (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://arxiv.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.