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Contingent Belief Updating

Author

Listed:
  • Chiara Aina

    (Department of Economics, Harvard University)

  • Andrea Amelio

    (Bonn Graduate School of Economics, University of Bonn)

  • Katharina Brütt

    (School of Business & Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)

Abstract

We study how contingent thinking – that is, reasoning through all possible contingencies without knowing which is realized – affects belief updating. According to the Bayesian benchmark, beliefs updated after exposure to new information should be equivalent to beliefs assessed for the contingency of receiving such information. Using an experiment, we decompose the effect of contingent thinking on belief updating into two components: (1) hypothetical thinking (updating on a piece of not-yet-observed information) and (2) contrast reasoning (comparing multiple contingencies during the updating process). Our results show that contingent thinking increases deviations from Bayesian updating and that this effect can be attributed to hypothetical thinking.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiara Aina & Andrea Amelio & Katharina Brütt, 2023. "Contingent Belief Updating," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series 263, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:ajk:ajkdps:263
    as

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    File URL: https://www.econtribute.de/RePEc/ajk/ajkdps/ECONtribute_263_2023.pdf
    File Function: First version, 2023
    Download Restriction: no
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Oechssler, Jörg & Roider, Andreas & Schmitz, Patrick W., 2009. "Cognitive abilities and behavioral biases," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 147-152, October.
    2. Carlos Alós-Ferrer & Ernst Fehr & Nick Netzer, 2021. "Time Will Tell: Recovering Preferences When Choices Are Noisy," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 129(6), pages 1828-1877.
    3. S. Nageeb Ali & Maximilian Mihm & Lucas Siga & Chloe Tergiman, 2021. "Adverse and Advantageous Selection in the Laboratory," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 111(7), pages 2152-2178, July.
    4. Jeannette Brosig & Joachim Weimann & Chun-Lei Yang, 2003. "The Hot Versus Cold Effect in a Simple Bargaining Experiment," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 6(1), pages 75-90, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Belief Updating; Contingent Thinking; Experiment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
    • D83 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief; Unawareness
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making

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