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Competitività e distribuzione funzionale nell'Eurozona

Author

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  • Gianluigi Nocella

    (University of Rome I)

Abstract

Nell’ultimo ventennio le economie europee hanno visto cambiare il contesto in cui sono immerse: alla pressione proveniente dalle grandi economie emergenti si è aggiunta quella dovuta alla cancellazione di meccanismi di isolamento nominale dai competitor interni all’Unione. Il CLUP si è così trasformato in un indicatore della rapidità di adattamento al nuovo contesto, diventando una delle metriche essenziali per definire modelli virtuosi e non. Il modello affermatosi come virtuoso è stato quello tedesco, con una riduzione sbalorditiva del CLUP. Per l’Italia, la critica più comune unisce la costatazione di una crescita della produttività anemica ad una crescita dei salari indipendente dalla produttività stessa. Da qui la richiesta di meccanismi di contrattazione decentrata, che consentano di legare i salari alla produttività. In questo lavoro mostriamo come in Italia le due principali componenti del CLUP (produttività e costo del lavoro) non si siano separate significativamente nell’ultimo ventennio. La peculiarità del modello tedesco, quindi, si identifica nel riuscire coniugare una crescita della produttività “francese” con una dinamica salariale “italiana”, con risultati immaginabili dal punto di vista della distribuzione del reddito. L’introduzione dei cambi fissi ha permesso di massimizzare il rendimento di questa strategia competitiva, consentendo incrementi della domanda estera proporzionali alla capacità del sistema di contrattazione di non ridistribuire gli aumenti di produttività. L’evidenza raccolta ma stimola una riflessione su alcuni temi del dibattito attuale. In particolare, va chiarito se è questo il modello di competitività che l’Europa vuole imporre a sé stessa, e se il decentramento della contrattazione salariale deve essere un meccanismo redistributivo strutturalmente penalizzante per il lavoro o, piuttosto, un meccanismo incentivante di condivisione dei risultati economici.

Suggested Citation

  • Gianluigi Nocella, 2015. "Competitività e distribuzione funzionale nell'Eurozona," a/ Working Papers Series 1504, Italian Association for the Study of Economic Asymmetries, Rome (Italy).
  • Handle: RePEc:ais:wpaper:1504
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mr. Jarkko Turunen & Mr. Richard T. Harmsen & Mr. Tamim Bayoumi, 2011. "Euro Area Export Performance and Competitiveness," IMF Working Papers 2011/140, International Monetary Fund.
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    4. Jesus Felipe & Utsav Kumar, 2014. "Unit labor costs in the eurozone: the competitiveness debate again," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 2(4), pages 490-507, October.
    5. Vicarelli, Claudio & De Santis, Roberta & De Nardis, Sergio, 2008. "The Single Currency's Effects on Eurozone Sectoral Trade: Winners and Losers?," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 2, pages 1-34.
    6. Christian Dustmann & Bernd Fitzenberger & Uta Sch?nberg & Alexandra Spitz-Oener, 2014. "From Sick Man of Europe to Economic Superstar: Germany's Resurgent Economy," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 28(1), pages 167-188, Winter.
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Blog mentions

    As found by EconAcademics.org, the blog aggregator for Economics research:
    1. Nocella sul modello tedesco: chiagn' e ffotte
      by Alberto Bagnai in Goofynomics on 2015-04-09 13:09:00

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Factor Income Distribution; Aggregate Labor Productivity; Incomes Policy; Macroeconomic Issues of Monetary Unions; Trade Unions.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D33 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Factor Income Distribution
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • E64 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Incomes Policy; Price Policy
    • F45 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Macroeconomic Issues of Monetary Unions
    • J51 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects

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