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The Healthy Eating Index: 1994-96

Author

Listed:
  • Bowman, Shanthy A.
  • Lino, Mark
  • Gerrior, Shirley A.
  • Basiotis, Peter P.

Abstract

To assess and monitor the dietary status of Americans, the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion developed the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). The HEI is composed of IO components, each repre­senting different aspects of a healthful diet: Components 1-5 measure the degree to which a person's diet conforms to USDA's Food Guide Pyramid servmg recommen­dations for the five major food groups (grains. vegetables, fruits, milk, and meat); Components 6 and 7 measure total fat and saturated fat consumption as a percentage of total food energy intake; Components 8 and 9 measure total cholesterol and sodium intake; and Component IO examines variety in a person's diet. The HEI was computed for people 2 years of age and over and subgroups of the population using data from the 1994-96 Contmumg Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. Most people have a diet that needs improvement. Approximately 12 percent of the population have a good diet. and 18 percent of people have a poor diet. Americans especially need to improve their fruit and milk products consumption. Males age 15 to 18. in particular, tend to have lower quality diets. African Amencans, people with low income. and those with a high school diploma or less education also have lower quality diets. These findings provide an awareness and better understanding of the types of dietary changes needed to improve people's eating patterns.

Suggested Citation

  • Bowman, Shanthy A. & Lino, Mark & Gerrior, Shirley A. & Basiotis, Peter P., 1998. "The Healthy Eating Index: 1994-96," CNPP Reports 257277, United States Department of Agriculture, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:usacnr:257277
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.257277
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    Cited by:

    1. repec:mpr:mprres:2472 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Duffy, Patricia A. & Zizza, Claire A. & Zhu, Min & Kinnucan, Henry W. & Tayie, Francis A., 2008. "Food Insecurity, Diet Quality, and Body Weight: Inter-Relationships and the Effect of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption," 2008 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2008, Orlando, Florida 6155, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    3. Variyam, Jayachandran, 2003. "Factors Affecting the Macronutrient Intake of U.S. Adults," Technical Bulletins 184322, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    4. repec:mpr:mprres:2443 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Philip Gleason & Carol Suitor, "undated". "Changes in Children's Diets: 1989-1991 to 1994-1996," Mathematica Policy Research Reports 58765ecbba164e49b7d7069bc, Mathematica Policy Research.
    6. Grainger, Corbett & Senauer, Benjamin & Runge, C. Ford, 2005. "Analyzing Health Innovations in a School Lunch Program," Working Papers 14393, University of Minnesota, Center for International Food and Agricultural Policy.
    7. repec:mpr:mprres:2567 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Seth S. Martin, 2005. "From Poverty to Obesity: Exploration of the Food Choice Constraint Model and the Impact of an Energy-Dense Food Tax," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 49(2), pages 78-86, October.
    9. Peters, Christian & Bills, Nelson L. & Wilkins, Jennifer & Smith, R. David, 2002. "Vegetable Consumption, Dietary Guidelines and Agricultural Production in New York State—Implications for Local Food Economies," Research Bulletins 122636, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    10. Philip M. Gleason & Anu Rangarajan & Christine Olson, "undated". "Dietary Intake and Dietary Attitudes Among Food Stamp Participants and Other Low-Income Individuals," Mathematica Policy Research Reports 7de7096e094445cba404d4e97, Mathematica Policy Research.
    11. Kramer-LeBlanc, Carol S. & Mardis, Anne & Gerrior, Shirley & Gaston, Nancy, 1999. "Review of the Nutritional Status of WIC Participants: Final Report," CNPP Reports 311251, United States Department of Agriculture, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion.
    12. Philip Gleason & Carol Suitor, "undated". "Children's Diets in the Mid-1990s: Dietary Intake and Its Relationship with School Meal Participation," Mathematica Policy Research Reports 8db693ba4d8640ec87d978a34, Mathematica Policy Research.

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