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Aid for Village-based Rural Projects in LDCs: Experiences, Project Appraisal and Selection, ACIAR and Giant Clam Culture as a Case

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  • Tacconi, Luca
  • Tisdell, Clem

Abstract

Historically project aid has favoured urban and infrastructure projects. Its benefits to rural dwellers (in most LDCs, the majority of the population) seem to have been minimal. In encouraging urbanisation, it has added to urban environmental and development problems in LDCs. Village-based rural projects have been neglected in dispensing aid, it seems for a variety of reasons some of which are identified here. Apart from the above bias, most project aid tends to be delivered on a top-down basis and donors often treat aid for development projects mechanically and simply as a means of delivering goods and services. ‘Organic’ factors such as local needs, culture, political considerations and the state of the natural environment are frequently not taken into account by donors. In the past, also little attention has been given to the sustainability of benefits from projects. Expert evaluation of large-scale development projects indicate high rate of 'failure' in relation to target rates of return and sustainability of returns. This may suggest that other types of projects such as rural small-scale projects are more desirable or that different techniques of project appraisal and selection should be adopted. For instance, techniques which take account of sustainability of returns or methods of selection that involve input from the village-level may be preferable. Selection techniques such as the use of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) are discussed and particular attention is given to the suggestions of Pearce, Markandya, Barbier (1989) of ways to extend CBA to take account of sustainability factors in project appraisal. This is followed by a general discussion of the role of project aid in promoting sustainable development in the Pacific. The role of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) in promoting rural based development via research is noted. By way of a case study, particular attention is given to ACIAR's role in developing and promoting giant clam (Tridacnid) culture as a means of rural (coastal.) development.

Suggested Citation

  • Tacconi, Luca & Tisdell, Clem, 1991. "Aid for Village-based Rural Projects in LDCs: Experiences, Project Appraisal and Selection, ACIAR and Giant Clam Culture as a Case," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206488, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uqsegc:206488
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.206488
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    as
    1. Tacconi, Luca & Tisdell, Clem, 1992. "Economics of Giant Clam Production in the South Pacific - Fiji, Tonga and Western Samoa," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206554, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    2. Tisdell, Clem, 1989. "Aquaculture as a use of the Coastal Zone: Environmental and Economic Aspects, Giant Clam Farming as a Development," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206399, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    3. Firdausy, Carunia & Tisdell, Clem, 1989. "Seafarming as a Part of Indonesia's Economic Development Strategy - Seaweed and Giant Clam Mariculture as Cases," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206397, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    4. Tacconi, Luca & Tisdell, Clement A., 1991. "Aid for Village-Based Rural Projects in LDCs: Experiences, Project Appraisal and Selection, ACIAR and Giant Clam Culture as a Case," 1991 Conference (35th), February 11-14, 1991, Armidale, Australia 146403, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    5. Tisdell, Clem & Tacconi, Luca & Barker, J.R. & Lucas, J.S., 1991. "Economics of Ocean Culture of Giant Clams: Internal Rate of Return Analysis for Tridacna gigas," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206543, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    6. Tacconi, Luca & Tisdell, Clem, 1992. "Exports and Export Markets for Giant Clam Products in the South Pacific: Fiji, Tonga and Western Samoa," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206555, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    7. Tisdell, Clem, 1991. "A Report on the Test Marketing of Giant Clams as Aquarium Specimens in Brisbane, Australia," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206547, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    8. Tisdell, Clem, 1990. "Exploring the Demands for Farmed Giant Clams and their Components: Approaches and Problems," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206476, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    9. Tisdell, Clem, 1989. "Pacific Giant Clams and their Products: An Overview of Demand and Supply Factors," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206474, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    10. Firdausy, Carunia & Tisdell, Clem, 1990. "The Potential Demand for Giant Clams in Indonesia and their Status: A Report on a Survey of Four Coastal Villages in Bali and Java," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206485, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    11. Tisdell, Clem, 1992. "Interest of Asian Restaurants in Queensland in Using Giant Clam Meat in their Cuisine and their Knowledge of it," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206559, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    12. Tisdell, Clem, 1989. "Market for Giant Clam Shells: Report on a Survey of Retailers and Wholesalers in Southeast Queensland, Australia," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206396, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    13. Tisdell, Clem & Wittenberg, Rene, 1989. "Market for Giant Clams as Aquarium Specimens: Report on a Survey of Retailers of Supplies for Saltwater Aquariums, Southeast Queensland, Australia," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206398, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    14. Tisdell, Clem & Lucas, J.S. & Thomas, W.R., 1990. "An Analysis of the Cost of Producing Giant Clam (Tridacna Gigas) Seed in Australia," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206480, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    15. Vuki, Veikila & Tisdell, Clem & Tacconi, Luca, 1991. "Socio-economic Aspects of Giant Clams in the Lau Group, Fiji and Farming Prospects: Results of Field Research," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206544, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    16. Tisdell, Clem, 1990. "Progress Report No 1 to ACIAR Project No. 8823," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206483, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    17. Firdausy, Carunia & Tisdell, Clem, 1990. "Assessing Species for Mariculture in Developing Countries: A Review of Economic Considerations," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206479, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    18. Tacconi, Luca & Tisdell, Clem, 1992. "Domestic Markets and Demand for Giant Clam Meat in the South Pacific Islands - Fiji, Tonga and Western Samoa," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206553, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
    19. Pollock, Nancy J., 1992. "Giant Clams in Wallis: Prospects for Development," Research Reports and Papers in Economics of Giant Clam Mariculture 206557, University of Queensland, School of Economics.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q57 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Ecological Economics
    • Q21 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q22 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Fishery

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