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Die Entwicklung der Produktivität von Marktfruchtbetrieben unter Berücksichtigung von Treibhausgasemissionen

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  • Wettemann, Patrick

Abstract

Vorliegende Studie analysiert die technische Umwelteffizienz und die Produktivitätsentwicklung von Marktfruchtbetriebe unter Berücksichtigung von Treibhausgasemissionen als unerwünschten Output. Basierend auf einer erweiterten hyperbolischen stochastischen Distanzfunktion werden Schattenpreise von Treibhausgasemissionen eruiert sowie der Einfluss exogener Faktoren auf die Umwelteffizienz getestet und die Treiber der Produktivitätsentwicklung quantifiziert. Datengrundlage bildet ein balanciertes Panel von 141 norddeutschen Marktfruchtbetrieben im Zeitraum der Wirtschaftsjahre 2002/03 bis 2009/10. Als Ergebnis ist festzuhalten, dass einerseits mit 95,6% ein relativ hohes Niveau an Umwelteffizienz festzustellen ist, aber andererseits noch 8,6% der produktspezifischen Emissionen eingespart werden können. Innerhalb des Samples beeinflussen Standorte mit einer höheren Anzahl an Bodenpunkten sowie ein höherer Fruchtfolgeanteil an Getreide und Zuckerrüben die Umwelteffizienz positiv. Hingegen wirken ein zunehmender Anteil an organischen Düngern und eine höhere Rate an ausgelagerten Dienstleistungen Umwelteffizienz mindernd. Die Schattenpreise der Treibhausgasemissionen bewegen sich im Mittel zwischen 1,71 und 3,41 € je Tonne CO2-Äquivalent. Für die Schattenpreise ist generell eine steigende Tendenz im Beobachtungszeitraum festzustellen. Die ermittelte Produktivitätssteigerung wird maßgeblich von technischem Fortschritt vorangetrieben. Änderungen der Umwelteffizienz üben im Durchschnitt der Jahre lediglich marginalen positiven Einfluss auf die Produktivitätsentwicklung aus. Veränderungen der Skalengröße hingegen hemmen die Produktivitätsentwicklung geringfügig.

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  • Wettemann, Patrick, 2015. "Die Entwicklung der Produktivität von Marktfruchtbetrieben unter Berücksichtigung von Treibhausgasemissionen," 55th Annual Conference, Giessen, Germany, September 23-25, 2015 209213, German Association of Agricultural Economists (GEWISOLA).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:gewi15:209213
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.209213
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    Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis;
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