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La productividad de las universidades públicas nacionales argentinas en el período 2013-2022. Descomponiendo al Índice de Malmquist en cambios técnicos globales y locales

Author

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  • Dip Juan Antonio
  • Domínguez Casoratti David
  • Costa de Arguibel Facundo

Abstract

El trabajo evalúa la productividad de las universidades públicas argentinas durante el período 2013-2022 utilizando el Índice de Malmquist (IM), considerando la producción de graduados como el principal producto. Por otro lado, aplica la reciente descomposición del IM propuesta por Aparicio & Santín (2024) que permite analizar las mejoras y los deterioros tecnológicos en todas las fronteras, en lugar de hacer foco únicamente en las observaciones de la muestra. En el período bajo estudio, las 47 universidades consideradas han tenido una mejora del 1,58% en su productividad cuando se considera la descomposición del componente tecnológico del IM convencional en el cambio tecnológico global (GTC) y el cambio tecnológico local (LTC). De no considerar esta nueva desagregación, estaríamos interpretando de manera errónea la productividad de las universidades públicas. Por otra parte, el trabajo muestra una caída importante en la productividad durante el período de pandemia. Así, se observa una caída en la productividad del 24% con el IM (Färe et al. 1992), y de un 20% con el IMN (Aparicio & Santín, 2024). La heterogeneidad entre universidades indica que, desde una perspectiva de políticas educativas, es crucial optimizar la eficiencia técnica y promover el cambio tecnológico. Para ello, es recomendable implementar políticas diferenciadas que aborden específicamente estos aspectos.

Suggested Citation

  • Dip Juan Antonio & Domínguez Casoratti David & Costa de Arguibel Facundo, 2024. "La productividad de las universidades públicas nacionales argentinas en el período 2013-2022. Descomponiendo al Índice de Malmquist en cambios técnicos globales y locales," Asociación Argentina de Economía Política: Working Papers 4728, Asociación Argentina de Economía Política.
    • Handle: RePEc:aep:anales:4728
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. A. Camanho & R. Dyson, 2006. "Data envelopment analysis and Malmquist indices for measuring group performance," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 26(1), pages 35-49, August.
    2. Cristian Barra & Mónica Y. Castro-Peña & Jesús Gabalán Coello, 2024. "Research and knowledge transfer performance in Colombian universities," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 58(1), pages 77-96, February.
    3. Aparicio, Juan & Santín, Daniel, 2024. "Global and local technical changes: A new decomposition of the Malmquist productivity index using virtual units," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    4. Tommaso Agasisti & Geraint Johnes, 2009. "Beyond frontiers: comparing the efficiency of higher education decision-making units across more than one country," Education Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(1), pages 59-79.
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    JEL classification:

    • C0 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - General
    • I2 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education

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