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Is the Nature of Jobs Changing? The Role of Technological Progress and Structural Change in the Labour Market

In: Rethinking Entrepreneurial Human Capital

Author

Listed:
  • Giulio Bosio

    (University of Bergamo)

  • Annalisa Cristini

    (University of Bergamo)

Abstract

We examine the process of radical transformation that during the last decades has changed labor markets in developed countries and, in particular, the nature of jobs. Indeed, the advances in ICT and robotics have generated the concern that automation could substitute people in a wide range of activities, therefore contributing to the potential increase in the fraction of jobs at risk in the next future. However, empirical evidence on labour demand in the majority of OECD countries emphasizes a process of labour market polarization that consists in the hollowing out of routine occupations accompanied by a quasi-simultaneous rise of non-routine occupations, both high skilled conceptual and manual low skilled ones. This process has been explained by the routinization hypothesis, whereby computer-based technologies allow machines to perform repetitive tasks and replace workers in routine jobs where such tasks are prevalent. In this perspective, structural and occupational changes are naturally interwined with technological change; their understanding can therefore help unravelling the features of new technologies and how they can influence demand for skills. In such a setting, entrepreneurship can play an important role as driver of innovation and employment growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Giulio Bosio & Annalisa Cristini, 2018. "Is the Nature of Jobs Changing? The Role of Technological Progress and Structural Change in the Labour Market," Studies on Entrepreneurship, Structural Change and Industrial Dynamics, in: Giulio Bosio & Tommaso Minola & Federica Origo & Stefano Tomelleri (ed.), Rethinking Entrepreneurial Human Capital, pages 15-41, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:seschp:978-3-319-90548-8_2
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90548-8_2
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    Cited by:

    1. Tobias Schultheiss & Uschi Backes-Gellner, 2024. "Does updating education curricula accelerate technology adoption in the workplace? Evidence from dual vocational education and training curricula in Switzerland," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 49(1), pages 191-235, February.
    2. Tadeusz A. Grzeszczyk, 2020. "Development of human capital in institutions from the Polish financial sector: Towards new technologies and agile business models," International Entrepreneurship Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 6(4), pages 51-63.
    3. Helena Corrales-Herrero & Beatriz Rodríguez-Prado, 2024. "Mapping the Occupations of Recent Graduates. The Role of Academic Background in the Digital Era," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 65(8), pages 1853-1882, December.

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