IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/h/pal/intecp/978-1-349-17028-9_4.html
   My bibliography  Save this book chapter

Social Security, Bequests and the Life Cycle Theory of Saving: Cross-sectional Tests

In: The Determinants of National Saving and Wealth

Author

Listed:
  • Alan S. Blinder

    (Princeton University)

  • Roger H. Gordon

    (Bell Laboratories)

  • Donald E. Wise

    (Mathtech, Inc)

Abstract

This paper studies the asset holdings of white American men near retirement age. Assets as conventionally defined show no tendency to decline with age, in apparent contradiction of the life cycle theory of saving. However, a broadened concept of assets which includes expected future pension benefits (both public and private) and expected future earnings (‘human wealth’) does decline more or less as predicted by the theory. No matter how they are defined, assets are a decreasing function of the number of children — which casts doubt on the strength of the bequest motive. Finally, financial assets and social security wealth fail to exhibit the inverse relationship suggested by Feldstein’s displacement hypothesis. To investigate these issues econometrically, an equation for assets is developed from the strict life cycle theory. The specification is generalised to allow for (i) a bequest motive, proxied by the number of children; (ii) displacement of private wealth by social security wealth that is not exactly dollar-for-dollar; (iii) a level of consumption late in life that differs systematically from what the strict life cycle theory implies. The equation is estimated by non-linear least squares on a rich cross-sectional data set containing over 4300 observations. The results show that the life cycle model has little ability to explain cross-sectional variability in asset holdings. The model’s key parameters are poorly identified, despite the large sample size and considerable cross-sectional variation in most variables. According to the estimates, consumption late in life is on average only about half of what the strict life cycle theory predicts; each dollar of social security wealth displaces about 39¢ (with a large standard error) of private wealth; and the bequest motive, while present, is quite weak.

Suggested Citation

  • Alan S. Blinder & Roger H. Gordon & Donald E. Wise, 1983. "Social Security, Bequests and the Life Cycle Theory of Saving: Cross-sectional Tests," International Economic Association Series, in: Franco Modigliani & Richard Hemming (ed.), The Determinants of National Saving and Wealth, chapter 4, pages 89-122, Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Handle: RePEc:pal:intecp:978-1-349-17028-9_4
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-349-17028-9_4
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options:
    1. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
    2. Check on the provider's web page whether it is in fact available.
    3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.

    Other versions of this item:

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Blake, David, 2002. "The impact of wealth on consumption and retirement behaviour in the UK," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 24949, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Michael D. Hurd, 1992. "Wealth Depletion and Life-Cycle Consumption by the Elderly," NBER Chapters, in: Topics in the Economics of Aging, pages 135-162, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Marc Robinson, 1983. "Social Security and Physical Capital: An Interpretation of the Evidence, Lessons and Outlook," UCLA Economics Working Papers 307, UCLA Department of Economics.
    4. C. Alan Garner, 1997. "Social Security privatization: balancing efficiency and fairness," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, vol. 82(Q III), pages 21-36.
    5. Feldstein, Martin & Liebman, Jeffrey B., 2002. "Social security," Handbook of Public Economics, in: A. J. Auerbach & M. Feldstein (ed.), Handbook of Public Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 32, pages 2245-2324, Elsevier.
    6. Orazio P. Attanasio & Hilary Williamson Hoynes, 2000. "Differential Mortality and Wealth Accumulation," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 35(1), pages 1-29.
    7. R. Glenn Hubbard & Kenneth L. Judd, 1985. "Social Security and Individual Welfare: Precautionary Saving, LiquidityConstraints, and the Payroll Tax," NBER Working Papers 1736, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. John Laitner & Daniel Silverman & Dmitriy Stolyarov, 2014. "Annuitized Wealth and Post-Retirement Saving," NBER Working Papers 20547, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Michael Hurd, 1993. "The effect of changes in Social Security on bequests," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 58(1), pages 157-176, December.
    10. repec:dau:papers:123456789/6125 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Michael D. Hurd, 1993. "The Effect of Labor Market Rigidities on the Labor Force Behavior of Older Workers," NBER Working Papers 4462, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. Susan Pozo & Stephen A. Woodbury, 1986. "Pensions, Social Security, and Asset Accumulation," Eastern Economic Journal, Eastern Economic Association, vol. 12(3), pages 273-281, Jul-Sep.
    13. Mervyn A. King & Jonathan I. Leape, 1987. "Asset Accumulation, Information, and the Life Cycle," NBER Working Papers 2392, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Robert A. Moffitt, 1984. "Trends in Social Security Wealth by Cohort," NBER Chapters, in: Economic Transfers in the United States, pages 327-358, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    15. Bernhard Felderer, 1993. "New issues in public pension economics," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 58(1), pages 1-15, December.
    16. Hamermesh, Daniel S, 1984. "Consumption during Retirement: The Missing Link in the Life Cycle," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 66(1), pages 1-7, February.
    17. Michael D. Hurd, 1989. "Issues and Results from Research on the Elderly I: Economic Status (Part I of III Parts)," NBER Working Papers 3018, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    18. Paul Taubman, 1985. "Determinants of Pension Benefits," NBER Chapters, in: Pensions, Labor, and Individual Choice, pages 123-158, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    19. R. Glenn Hubbard, 1987. "Uncertain Lifetimes, Pensions, and Individual Saving," NBER Chapters, in: Issues in Pension Economics, pages 175-210, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    20. Krueger, Alan B. & Meyer, Bruce D., 2002. "Labor supply effects of social insurance," Handbook of Public Economics, in: A. J. Auerbach & M. Feldstein (ed.), Handbook of Public Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 33, pages 2327-2392, Elsevier.
    21. Michael J. Boskin, 1987. "Concepts and Measures of Federal Deficits and Debt and Their Impact on Economic Activity," NBER Working Papers 2332, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    22. R. Glenn Hubbard, 1984. "'Precautionary' Saving Revisited: Social Security, Individual Welfare, and the Capital Stock," NBER Working Papers 1430, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    23. Bernhard Felderer, 1993. "New issues in public pension economics," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-15, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pal:intecp:978-1-349-17028-9_4. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.palgrave.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.