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Swedish regional GDP 1855–2000: Estimations and general trends in the Swedish regional system

In: Research in Economic History

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  • Kerstin Enflo
  • Martin Henning
  • Lennart Schön

Abstract

This paper uses a method devised by Geary and Stark to estimate regional GDPs for 24 Swedish provinces 1855–2000. In empirical tests, we find that the Swedish estimations yield results of good precision, comparable to those reported in the international literature. From the literature, we generate six expectations concerning the development of regional GDPs in Sweden. Using the GDP estimations, we test these expectations empirically. We find that the historical regional GDPs show a high correlation over time, but that the early industrialization process coevolved with a dramatic redistribution of productive capacity. We show that the regional inequalities in GDP per capita were at their lowest point in modern history in the early 1980s. However, while efficiency in the regional system has never been as equal, absolute regional differences in scale of production has increased dramatically over our investigated period. This process has especially benefited the metropolitan provinces. We present detailed sources of our estimations and also sketch a research agenda from our results.

Suggested Citation

  • Kerstin Enflo & Martin Henning & Lennart Schön, 2014. "Swedish regional GDP 1855–2000: Estimations and general trends in the Swedish regional system," Research in Economic History, in: Research in Economic History, volume 30, pages 47-89, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:rehizz:s0363-3268(2014)0000030000
    DOI: 10.1108/S0363-3268(2014)0000030000
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Emanuele Felice, 2015. "La stima e l?interpretazione dei divari regionali nel lungo periodo: i risultati principali e alcune tracce di ricerca," SCIENZE REGIONALI, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2015(3), pages 91-120.
    2. Ciccarelli, Carlo & Missiaia, Anna, 2014. "Business fluctuations in Imperial Austria's regions, 1867-1913: new evidence," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 55963, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. Andersson, Jens & Berger, Thor, 2016. "Elites and the Expansion of Education in 19th-century Sweden," Lund Papers in Economic History 149, Lund University, Department of Economic History.
    4. Kerstin Enflo & Joan Ramón Rosés, 2015. "Coping with regional inequality in Sweden: structural change, migrations, and policy, 1860–2000," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 68(1), pages 191-217, February.
    5. Alfonso Díez‐Minguela & Rafael González‐Val & Julio Martinez‐Galarraga & M. Teresa Sanchis & Daniel A. Tirado, 2020. "The long‐term relationship between economic development and regional inequality: South‐West Europe, 1860–2010," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 99(3), pages 479-508, June.
    6. Kerstin Enflo & Anna Missiaia, 2018. "Regional GDP estimates for Sweden, 1571–1850," Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(2), pages 115-137, April.
    7. Enflo, Kerstin, 2014. "Finland’s regional GDPs 1880-2010: estimates, sources and interpretations," Lund Papers in Economic History 135, Lund University, Department of Economic History.
    8. Karlsson, Tobias & Kok, Joris & Perrin, Faustine, 2021. "The Historical Gender Gap Index: A Longitudinal and Spatial Assessment of Sweden, 1870-1990," Lund Papers in Economic History 217, Lund University, Department of Economic History.
    9. Marc Badia- Miro & Jordi Guilera & Pedro Lains, 2012. "Reconstruction of the Regional GDP of Portugal, 1890 1980," Working Papers in Economics 280, Universitat de Barcelona. Espai de Recerca en Economia.
    10. Tümer, Abdullah Erdal & Akkuş, Aytekin, 2018. "Forecasting Gross Domestic Product per Capita Using Artificial Neural Networks with Non-Economical Parameters," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 512(C), pages 468-473.
    11. Paul Caruana-Galizia & Jordi Mart�-Henneberg, 2013. "European regional railways and real income, 1870-1910: a preliminary report," Scandinavian Economic History Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 61(2), pages 167-196, June.
    12. Henning, Martin & Enflo, Kerstin & Andersson, Fredrik N.G., 2011. "Trends and cycles in regional economic growth," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 48(4), pages 538-555.
    13. Paul Caruana-Galizia, 2013. "Indian Regional Income Inequality: Estimates Of Provincial Gdp, 1875-1911," Economic History of Developing Regions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(1), pages 1-27, June.
    14. Nebojša Stojčić & Korneliusz Pylak & Dubravka Jurlina Alibegović, 2022. "The spatial impact of entrepreneurial zones: firm, city and inter-city evidence," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 56(12), pages 2164-2176, December.
    15. Andrzej Tucki & Korneliusz Pylak, 2021. "Collective or Individual? What Types of Tourism Reduce Economic Inequality in Peripheral Regions?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-16, April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Industrialization; regional inequality; regional income; economic growth; Sweden; regional accounts; N93; N94; R11;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N93 - Economic History - - Regional and Urban History - - - Europe: Pre-1913
    • N94 - Economic History - - Regional and Urban History - - - Europe: 1913-
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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