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Reale Konjunkturzyklen, Effizienzlöhne und die Rolle von Ölpreisschocks: Eine theoretische und empirische Analyse für Deutschland

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  • Zimmermann, Tobias

Abstract

Bereits Ende der siebziger Jahre wurde die Trennung zwischen lang- und kurzfristiger ökonomischer Analyse in Frage gestellt und von der Real Business Cycle (RBC)-Theorie kurze Zeit später analytisch überwunden. Der empirische Gehalt ursprünglicher RBC-Modelle erweist sich zwar insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund restriktiver Annahmen auch heute noch als erstaunlich gut. Allerdings haben sich für dieses Konzept in seiner ursprünglichen Form gravierende Erklärungsdefizite gezeigt. So weisen insbesondere die Arbeitsmärkte in entwickelten Volkswirtschaften konjunkturelle Muster auf, die von traditionellen RBC-Modellen nur ungenügend erklärt werden können. Tobias Zimmermann zeigt, dass diese Mängel durch eine explizite Modellierung bestimmter Unvollkommenheiten wirkungsvoll beseitigt werden können. Inhaltlich legen die Ergebnisse die Vermutung nahe, dass Effizienzlöhne für die Erklärung der strukturellen Arbeitslosigkeit in Deutschland eine größere Bedeutung haben als häufig angenommen. Zudem plädieren sie dafür, den Potenzialoutput als den Output zu definieren, der sich bei völlig flexiblen Löhnen und Preisen unter Berücksichtigung der (Angebots-)Schocks und der daraus folgenden Anpassungen ergibt. Ein solches Gleichgewicht müsste mit Hilfe eines RBC-Modells berechnet werden. Die Ergebnisse einer traditionellen Konjunkturdiagnose, welche statistische Filterverfahren verwendet, und einer Diagnose auf der Grundlage von RBC-Modellen können daher zu völlig unterschiedlichen wirtschaftspolitischen Implikationen führen. Damit gibt es gute Gründe für eine adäquate Berücksichtigung der Grundgedanken der RBC-Theorie bei der praktischen Konjunkturanalyse, und dies weist auch den Weg in eine fundiertere wirtschaftspolitische Beratung.

Suggested Citation

  • Zimmermann, Tobias, 2007. "Reale Konjunkturzyklen, Effizienzlöhne und die Rolle von Ölpreisschocks: Eine theoretische und empirische Analyse für Deutschland," RWI Schriften, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, volume 81, number 81.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:rwisch:81
    DOI: 10.3790/978-3-428-52631-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Torsten Schmidt & Tobias Zimmermann, 2007. "Why are the Effects of Recent Oil Price Shocks so Small?," Ruhr Economic Papers 0029, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    2. repec:zbw:rwirep:0029 is not listed on IDEAS

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