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Private Versicherungen als Finanzierungsquelle für den Pflegebedarf im Alter

Author

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  • Thomas Url

    (WIFO)

Abstract

Privatversicherungen stehen im Bereich der Langzeitpflege wegen asymmetrischer Information, moralischen Risikos, aggregierter Risken und vor allem wegen der Verdrängung von Versicherungsleistungen durch staatliche Transfers vor erheblichen versicherungstechnischen Problemen. Trotzdem sollte die Pflegeversicherung ein interessanter Versicherungsmarkt sein, weil der Risikoausgleich sowohl innerhalb des Versichertenkollektivs als auch zwischen der Ein- und Auszahlungsphase möglich ist und versicherungstechnische Instrumente zur Verringerung von moralischem Risiko und Negativselektion zur Verfügung stehen. Wegen der hohen aggregierten Risken sollten die Leistungen einer privaten Pflegeversicherung aus festen Beträgen bestehen, die schrittweise mit dem Pflegebedarf steigen. Eine dauerhafte Entlastung der öffentlichen Haushalte von Pflegekosten durch eine Privatversicherung erscheint nur mit einer allgemeinen Versicherungspflicht möglich. Die Umsetzung einer Versicherungspflicht könnte mit der Einrichtung einer Versicherungsbörse verknüpft werden. Diese Börse kann auch das Prämieninkasso für die Versicherer übernehmen. Für Personen mit niedrigem Einkommen könnte die öffentliche Hand die Versicherungsprämie direkt an dieser Börse subventionieren. Durch Prämiensubventionen und den Betrieb der Versicherungsbörse entstehen zwar Kosten für die öffentliche Hand, sie sollten jedoch deutlich niedriger sein als die derzeitigen Ausgaben.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Url, 2011. "Private Versicherungen als Finanzierungsquelle für den Pflegebedarf im Alter," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 41358, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:41358
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    References listed on IDEAS

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