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The Relationship between Underinvestment, Overinvestment and CEO's Compensation

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  • Mufaddal Baxamusa

    (MCH 316, Opus College of Business, University of St. Thomas, Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55116, USA)

Abstract

This research separates out the incentive and entrenchment effects of executive pay and uses it to test if the agency cost is that of underinvestment or overinvestment. I find that investments increase with dollar value of stock and options owned by the CEO but decrease with percentage of shares owned by the CEO. These results are robust to alternate measures of investments such as R&D, acquisitions, and change in assets. It appears that the positive relationship between investment and percentage of stocks owned by the CEO, as observed in the literature, is because of the omitted variable of dollar value of stock and options. I also find that the increases in dollar value of stock and options owned by the CEO reduces agency costs; while increases in percentage of stocks owned by the CEO increases entrenchment. These results are robust to endogeniety and a battery of relevant tests. This research concludes that, for the average firm, the agency cost is that of underinvestment, while the concerns about overinvestment are overstated.

Suggested Citation

  • Mufaddal Baxamusa, 2012. "The Relationship between Underinvestment, Overinvestment and CEO's Compensation," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 15(03), pages 1-26.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:rpbfmp:v:15:y:2012:i:03:n:s0219091512500142
    DOI: 10.1142/S0219091512500142
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Murphy, Kevin J., 1999. "Executive compensation," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 38, pages 2485-2563, Elsevier.
    2. repec:eee:labchp:v:3:y:1999:i:pb:p:2485-2563 is not listed on IDEAS
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    Cited by:

    1. Shanyi Zhou & Ning Yan & Zhijun Li & Mo Geng & Xulong Zhang & Hongbiao Si & Lihua Tang & Wenyuan Sun & Longda Zhang & Yi Cao, 2023. "Research on the Impact of Executive Shareholding on New Investment in Enterprises Based on Multivariable Linear Regression Model," Papers 2309.10986, arXiv.org.
    2. Oualid Benallou & Rajae Aboulaich, 2017. "Improving Capital Budgeting Through Probabilistic Approaches," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(03), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Hsiao-Fen Hsiao & Tingyong Zhong & Hasan Dincer, 2019. "Analysing Managers’ Financial Motivation for Sustainable Investment Strategies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-22, July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Compensation; investment; entrenchment; incentives; firm performance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G1 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • G3 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance

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