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Welfare Program Reentry among Postreform Leavers

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  • Donald Bruce
  • Karie Barbour
  • Angela Thacker

Abstract

The dramatic welfare reforms of 1996 affected public assistance usage patterns, possibly leading to more cycling on and off welfare as opposed to long‐term continuous participation. We examine 128,775 Tennessee families that left welfare between October 1996 and April 2001. Of these, about one‐third returned to the program at least once during this period. We provide statistical portraits of these families and compare reentrants with those who remained off public assistance. We conclude with a multivariate analysis of the determinants of reentry, Results suggest that families with younger, female, or black caretakers and those with more children are more likely to return. Those less likely to return include families whose caretakers were married or who had more education or were not working as of case closure. Families who left because of a time limit or who accumulated more months of program participation were also more likely to return.

Suggested Citation

  • Donald Bruce & Karie Barbour & Angela Thacker, 2004. "Welfare Program Reentry among Postreform Leavers," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 70(4), pages 816-836, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:soecon:v:70:y:2004:i:4:p:816-836
    DOI: 10.1002/j.2325-8012.2004.tb00606.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    6. J. P. Ziliak & D. N. Figlio & E. E. Davis & L. S. Connolly, "undated". "Accounting for the Decline in AFDC Caseloads: Welfare Reform or Economic Growth?," Institute for Research on Poverty Discussion Papers 1151-97, University of Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty.
    7. Jeffrey Grogger, 2001. "The Effects of Time Limits and Other Policy Changes on Welfare Use, Work, and Income Among Female-Headed Families," NBER Working Papers 8153, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Philip Gleason & Anu Rangarajan & Peter Schochet, 1998. "The Dynamics of Receipt of Aid to Families with Dependent Children among Teenage Parents in Inner Cities," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 33(4), pages 988-1002.
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    Cited by:

    1. Janice A. Hauge & Mark A. Jamison & R. Todd Jewell, 2007. "Participation in Social Programs by Consumers and Companies," Public Finance Review, , vol. 35(5), pages 606-625, September.

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