IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/povpop/v10y2018i1p57-80.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Anti‐Poverty Effects of In‐Kind Transfers Among Divorced or Separated Women in the United States

Author

Listed:
  • Gulgun Bayaz Ozturk

Abstract

This study examines the anti‐poverty effects of increased welfare spending in the United States five years into the recovery (from 2009 to 2015) by focusing on an economically vulnerable population of divorced/separated women. More specifically, I examine the anti‐poverty effects of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), and housing and energy assistance using the Sen, Shorrocks, and Thon poverty index. I find that the anti‐poverty effects of means‐tested programs worked primarily through reduction in headcount ratio without much amelioration in poverty intensity and inequality. Large‐scale programs such as SNAP, EITC, and housing assistance were the most effective, whereas WIC, TANF, and energy assistance were the least effective programs in the fight against poverty. 本研究通过聚焦在经济方面处于弱势的离异或分居女性, 检验了自经济大衰退后美国在实行经济复苏的5年里(2009–2015年)增加福利开支所带来的反贫困效果。具体而言, 本文通过使用Sen、Shorrocks和Thon的贫困指数, 检验了各项援助措施的反贫困效果, 包括补充营养援助计划(SNAP)、全国学校午餐计划(NSLP)、妇女, 儿童和婴幼儿特别补充营养计划(WIC)、劳动所得税抵免(EITC)、贫困家庭临时补助(TANF), 以及住房和能源补助。本文发现, 这些根据经济情况调查(means‐test)进行分配的项目所具备的反贫困效果主要是减少人头比, 而对贫困程度和不平等没有太多改善。大范围项目例如SNAP、EITC和住房补助, 是最有效的反贫困措施, 而WIC、TANF和能源补助则是效果最不佳的反贫困项目。 Este estudio examina los efectos contra la pobreza del gasto en asistencia social incrementado en los Estados Unidos después de cinco años de recuperación (de 2009 a 2015) ya acabada la Gran Recesión, al enfocarse en una población económicamente vulnerable de mujeres divorciadas y separadas. Más específicamente, examinamos los efectos contra la pobreza del Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), el National School Lunch Program (NSLP), tel Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), el Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), el Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), y el apoyo a la energía utilizando los índices de pobreza Sen, Shorrocks, y Thon. Hallamos que los efectos contra la pobreza de los programas dependientes de medios funcionaban primordialmente a través de la reducción de proporción per cápita, sin mucha mejoría en la intensidad de la pobreza y la desigualdad. Los programas a gran escala como el SNAP, EITC, y el apoyo para la vivienda fueron lo más efectivo, mientras que el WIC, TANF, y el apoyo energético fueron los programas menos efectivos en la lucha contra la pobreza.

Suggested Citation

  • Gulgun Bayaz Ozturk, 2018. "Anti‐Poverty Effects of In‐Kind Transfers Among Divorced or Separated Women in the United States," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(1), pages 57-80, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:57-80
    DOI: 10.1002/pop4.203
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/pop4.203
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/pop4.203?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hilary W. Hoynes & Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach, 2009. "Consumption Responses to In-Kind Transfers: Evidence from the Introduction of the Food Stamp Program," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 1(4), pages 109-139, October.
    2. Elizabeth O. Ananat & Guy Michaels, 2008. "The Effect of Marital Breakup on the Income Distribution of Women with Children," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 43(3), pages 611-629.
    3. Lars Osberg & Kuan Xu, 1999. "Poverty Intensity: How Well Do Canadian Provinces Compare?," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 25(2), pages 179-195, June.
    4. Sheila Mammen & Frances Lawrence & Peter Marie & Ann Berry & Suzann Knight, 2011. "The Earned Income Tax Credit and Rural Families: Differences Between Non-participants and Participants," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 32(3), pages 461-472, September.
    5. Dominique Thon, 1979. "On Measuring Poverty," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 25(4), pages 429-439, December.
    6. Laura Tach & Alicia Eads, 2015. "Trends in the Economic Consequences of Marital and Cohabitation Dissolution in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 52(2), pages 401-432, April.
    7. Richard Hauser & Richard V. Burkhauser & Kenneth A. Couch & Gulgun Bayaz-Ozturk, 2016. "Wife or Frau, Women Still Do Worse: A Comparison of Men and Women in the United States and Germany after Union Dissolutions in the 1990s and 2000s," Working papers 2016-39, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics.
    8. Sen, Amartya K, 1976. "Poverty: An Ordinal Approach to Measurement," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 44(2), pages 219-231, March.
    9. James Mabli, 2015. "Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation and Local Program Outreach and Eligibility Services (Journal Article)," Mathematica Policy Research Reports c0a5ee962e51468ea0d5eff8c, Mathematica Policy Research.
    10. Maximilian D. Schmeiser, 2012. "Expanding New York State's Earned Income Tax Credit Programme: the effect on work, income and poverty," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(16), pages 2035-2050, June.
    11. Brian A. Jacob & Jens Ludwig, 2012. "The Effects of Housing Assistance on Labor Supply: Evidence from a Voucher Lottery," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(1), pages 272-304, February.
    12. Jeremy G. Moulton & Alexandra Graddy-Reed & Lauren Lanahan, 2016. "Beyond the Eitc: The Effect of Reducing the Earned Income Tax Credit on Labor Force Participation," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association;National Tax Journal, vol. 69(2), pages 261-284, June.
    13. Mussini, Mauro, 2013. "On decomposing inequality and poverty changes over time: A multi-dimensional decomposition," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 8-18.
    14. Mabli, James, 2015. "Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation and Local Program Outreach and Eligibility Services," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 44(3), pages 291-314, December.
    15. Richard Burkhauser & Greg Duncan & Richard Hauser & Roland Berntsen, 1991. "Wife or frau, women do worse: A comparison of men and women in the United States and Germany after marital dissolution," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 28(3), pages 353-360, August.
    16. repec:ags:afjare:225653 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. repec:bla:revinw:v:46:y:2000:i:2:p:161-79 is not listed on IDEAS
    18. repec:bla:revinw:v:25:y:1979:i:4:p:429-39 is not listed on IDEAS
    19. Mabli, James, 2015. "Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation and Local Program Outreach and Eligibility Services," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association, vol. 44(3), pages 1-24, December.
    20. John Myles & Garnett Picot, 2000. "Poverty Indices And Policy Analysis," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 46(2), pages 161-179, June.
    21. Janet Currie, 2003. "US Food and Nutrition Programs," NBER Chapters, in: Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States, pages 199-290, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kuan Xu & Zhengxi Lin, 2007. "Participation in Employer-sponsored Training in Canada: Role of Firm Characteristics and Worker Attributes," Working Papers daleconwp2007-02, Dalhousie University, Department of Economics.
    2. Wen-Hao Chen & Jean-Yves Duclos, 2011. "Testing for poverty dominance: an application to Canada," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 44(3), pages 781-803, August.
    3. Jean–Yves Duclos & Phillipe Grégoire, 2002. "Absolute and Relative Deprivation and the Measurement of Poverty," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 48(4), pages 471-492, December.
    4. Heikki Hiilamo & Reijo Sund & Seppo Sallila, 2004. "Rethinking the Measures of Poverty," LIS Working papers 368, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg.
    5. Bibi, Sami & Duclos, Jean-Yves, 2007. "Equity and policy effectiveness with imperfect targeting," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(1), pages 109-140, May.
    6. Makdissi, Paul & Groleau, Yves, 2002. "Que pouvons-nous apprendre des profils de pauvreté canadiens?," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 78(2), pages 257-286, Juin.
    7. Nikolla, Dorina & Mills, Bradford F. & Murray, Anthony G. & Tuttle, Charlotte, 2017. "Heat and Eat: The Impact of the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program on Household Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 258116, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    8. Daniel Brüggmann, 2020. "Women’s employment, income and divorce in West Germany: a causal approach," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 54(1), pages 1-22, December.
    9. Carole Bonnet & Bertrand Garbinti & Anne Solaz, 2021. "The flip side of marital specialization: the gendered effect of divorce on living standards and labor supply," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 34(2), pages 515-573, April.
    10. Zelinsky, Tomas, 2014. "Chudoba a deprivácia na Slovensku: Metodologické aspekty a empíria [Poverty and Deprivation in Slovakia: Methodological Aspects and Empirics]," MPRA Paper 76868, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Russell Davidson & Jean-Yves Duclos, 2000. "Statistical Inference for Stochastic Dominance and for the Measurement of Poverty and Inequality," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 68(6), pages 1435-1464, November.
    12. Bradley Hardy & Timothy Smeeding & James P. Ziliak, 2018. "The Changing Safety Net for Low-Income Parents and Their Children: Structural or Cyclical Changes in Income Support Policy?," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(1), pages 189-221, February.
    13. Lovett Nicholas, 2018. "Food Stamps, Income Shocks, and Crime: Evidence from California," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 18(4), pages 1-19, October.
    14. Núñez Velázquez, José Javier, 2009. "Estado actual y nuevas aproximaciones a la medición de la pobreza/Current Status and New Approaches to the Measurement of Poverty," Estudios de Economia Aplicada, Estudios de Economia Aplicada, vol. 27, pages 325-346, Agosto.
    15. Hoynes, Hilary Williamson & Schanzenbach, Diane Whitmore, 2012. "Work incentives and the Food Stamp Program," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(1), pages 151-162.
    16. Suman Seth and Gaston Yalonetzky, 2018. "Assessing Deprivation with Ordinal Variables: Depth Sensitivity and Poverty Aversion," OPHI Working Papers ophiwp123.pdf, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford.
    17. Kelly Bedard & Olivier Deschênes, 2005. "Sex Preferences, Marital Dissolution, and the Economic Status of Women," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 40(2).
    18. Griffith, Rachel & von Hinke, Stephanie & Smith, Sarah, 2018. "Getting a healthy start: The effectiveness of targeted benefits for improving dietary choices," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 176-187.
    19. Masood, Sarwar Awan & Muhammad, Waqas & Amir, Aslam, 2012. "Multidimensional Measurement of Poverty in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 41532, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Zheng, Buhong, 2001. "Statistical inference for poverty measures with relative poverty lines," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 101(2), pages 337-356, April.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:10:y:2018:i:1:p:57-80. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1944-2858 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.