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Applying for entitlements: Employers and the targeted jobs tax credit

Author

Listed:
  • John H. Bishop

    (Associate Professor, School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University)

  • Suk Kang

    (Associate Professor, Tokyo Metropolitan University)

Abstract

The Targeted Jobs Tax Credit (TJTC) is probably the most outstanding example of a generous entitlement program with a very low participation rate. Only about 10 percent of eligible youth hired are claimed as a tax credit by their employers. The causes of the low participation rates are analyzed by estimating a Poisson model of the number of TJTC-eligibles hired and certified during 1980, 1981, and 1982. Information costs, both fixed and variable, are found to be key barriers to TJTC participation. The cost-effectiveness of TJTC is low because of the stigma attached and the very high recruitment costs of hiring additional TJTC-eligibles. Because employers find it relatively cheap to certify after the fact eligible new employees who would have been hired anyway, this passive mode of participating in TJTC predominates.

Suggested Citation

  • John H. Bishop & Suk Kang, 1991. "Applying for entitlements: Employers and the targeted jobs tax credit," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 10(1), pages 24-45.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jpamgt:v:10:y:1991:i:1:p:24-45
    DOI: 10.2307/3325511
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Moffitt, Robert, 1983. "An Economic Model of Welfare Stigma," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 73(5), pages 1023-1035, December.
    2. Gary Burtless, 1985. "Are Targeted Wage Subsidies Harmful? Evidence from a Wage Voucher Experiment," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 39(1), pages 105-114, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Edward C. Lorenz, 1995. "TJTC and the promise and reality of redistributive vouchering and tax credit policy," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 14(2), pages 270-290.
    2. Kyle Rozema & Nicolas Ziebarth, 2015. "Behavioral Responses to Taxation: Cigarette Taxes and Food Stamp Take-Up," Working Papers 150015, Canadian Centre for Health Economics.
    3. Efstathiou, Konstantinos & Mathä, Thomas Y. & Veiga, Cindy & Wintr, Ladislav, 2019. "Active labour market policy use in Luxembourg: evidence from a firm survey," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 53(1), pages 1-12.
    4. Hamersma, Sarah, 2003. "The Work Opportunity and Welfare–to–Work Tax Credits: Participation Rates Among Eligible Workers," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association;National Tax Journal, vol. 56(4), pages 725-738, December.
    5. Deuchert, Eva & Kauer, Lukas, 2013. "Hiring subsidies for people with a disability: Helping or hindering? - Evidence from a small scale social field experiment," Economics Working Paper Series 1335, University of St. Gallen, School of Economics and Political Science.
    6. Sarah Hamersma, 2008. "The effects of an employer subsidy on employment outcomes: A study of the work opportunity and welfare-to-work tax credits," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(3), pages 498-520.
    7. Elizabeth J. Mueller & Alex Schwartz, 1998. "Leaving Poverty through Work: A Review of Current Development Strategies," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 12(2), pages 166-180, May.
    8. Iwona B. Franczak & Amy C. Lutz, 2024. "How Can We Improve Educational Experiences for Refugee Students in Poland?," Center for Policy Research Policy Briefs 14, Center for Policy Research, Maxwell School, Syracuse University.

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