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Geologic carbon sequestration injection wells in overpressured storage reservoirs: estimating area of review

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  • Curtis M. Oldenburg
  • Abdullah Cihan
  • Quanlin Zhou
  • Stacey Fairweather
  • Lee H. Spangler

Abstract

The Area of Review (AoR) under the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Class VI CO2 injection permit is defined as the region surrounding the geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) project where underground sources of drinking water (USDWs) may be endangered. Estimation of the AoR is based on the calculated reservoir pressurization due to CO2 injection and the associated potential to lift saline water into potable groundwater aquifers through open flow paths (e.g. wells) assuming the system is hydrostatic. In cases where the storage reservoirs are not initially hydrostatic, and in particular where they are overpressured, AoR estimation methods need to be altered. In this paper, we present and apply an approach to evaluating potential endangerment of USDW based on comparing brine leakage through a hypothetical open flow path in a no‐injection scenario and brine leakage in a CO2‐injection scenario. We present six possible ways to normalize injection‐related leakage relative to no‐injection leakage. We calculate leakage using semi‐analytical solutions for single‐phase flow and model reservoir pressurization and flow up (single) leaky wells located progressively farther from the injection well. For an example case of relative overpressure and using an injection‐rate‐based approach, results show 50‒60% larger open‐well‐leakage rates for wells located at 2 km and 10% increase for wells located at 10 km from the injection well relative to the no‐injection case. If total brine leakage is considered, the results depend strongly on the assumed pre‐injection to post‐injection time frames and on the methods of normalization used to calculate incremental leakage. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Suggested Citation

  • Curtis M. Oldenburg & Abdullah Cihan & Quanlin Zhou & Stacey Fairweather & Lee H. Spangler, 2016. "Geologic carbon sequestration injection wells in overpressured storage reservoirs: estimating area of review," Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 6(6), pages 775-786, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:greenh:v:6:y:2016:i:6:p:775-786
    DOI: 10.1002/ghg.1607
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jens Birkholzer & Abdullah Cihan & Karl Bandilla, 2014. "A tiered area‐of‐review framework for geologic carbon sequestration," Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 4(1), pages 20-35, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Matthew E. Burton‐Kelly & Nicholas A. Azzolina & Kevin C. Connors & Wesley D. Peck & David V. Nakles & Tao Jiang, 2021. "Risk‐based area of review estimation in overpressured reservoirs to support injection well storage facility permit requirements for CO2 storage projects," Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 11(5), pages 887-906, October.
    2. Ahmad H. Askar & Tissa H. Illangasekare, 2023. "Controlling potential far‐field brine leakage from CO2 storage formations using deep extraction wells: Numerical and experimental testing," Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 13(1), pages 3-30, February.

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