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The Influence of Firms' Emissions Management Strategy Disclosures on Investors' Valuation Judgments†

Author

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  • Joseph A. Johnson
  • Jochen Theis
  • Adam Vitalis
  • Donald Young

Abstract

Recent accounting research indicates that capital markets price firms' greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and that disclosed emissions levels are negatively associated with firms' market values. The departure point for this study is to investigate whether investors value firms differently based on the strategies firms use to mitigate GHG emissions. These strategies include making operational changes, which reduces emissions attributable to the firm, and purchasing offsets, which reduces emissions unattributable to the firm. Using an experiment, we hold constant a firm's financial performance, investment in emissions mitigation, and net emissions, and find evidence that nonprofessional investors perceive the firm to be more valuable when it primarily uses an operational change strategy versus an offsets strategy. However, consistent with theory, this result only occurs when the firm's prior sustainability performance is below the industry average and not when it is above the industry average. This difference in firm value is consistent with the notion that nonprofessional investors believe information about a firm's emissions management strategy is material. Supplemental exploratory analyses reveal that our results are mediated by investors' perception that an operational change strategy is more socially and environmentally responsible than an offsets strategy for below industry average firms. Implications for our findings on theory and practice are discussed. Influence des divulgations concernant la stratégie de gestion des émissions de GES des sociétés sur le jugement des investisseurs à propos de la valeur de ces sociétés Des études récentes en comptabilité indiquent que les marchés financiers attribuent un prix aux émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) des sociétés, et qu'il y a une association négative entre les niveaux d'émissions des sociétés divulgués et leur valeur sur le marché. Le point de départ de la présente étude consiste à vérifier si l'évaluation des sociétés par les investisseurs varie en fonction des stratégies qu'elles adoptent pour atténuer les émissions de GES. Ces stratégies comprennent la mise en œuvre de changements opérationnels, qui réduisent les émissions attribuables à la société elle‐même, et l'achat de crédits compensatoires, qui diminuent les émissions non attribuables à la société. Dans le cadre d'une expérience, nous avons gardé constants le rendement financier, les investissements dans la réduction des émissions de GES et les émissions nettes d'une société, et nous avons découvert des éléments de preuve indiquant que les investisseurs non professionnels accordent une plus grande valeur à la société si elle a recours à une stratégie fondée sur les changements opérationnels plutôt qu'à une stratégie d'achat de crédits compensatoires. Toutefois, conformément à la théorie, cela survient uniquement lorsque le rendement en matière de durabilité antérieur de la société se situe sous la moyenne de l'industrie et non quand il se situe au‐dessus de la moyenne. Cette différence quant à la valeur perçue des sociétés soutient la notion voulant que les investisseurs non professionnels accordent de l'importance à l'information sur la stratégie de gestion des émissions des sociétés. Des analyses exploratoires complémentaires révèlent que nos résultats sont influencés par le fait que les investisseurs perçoivent les stratégies fondées sur les changements opérationnels comme étant plus responsables sur le plan social et environnemental que les stratégies d'achat de crédits compensatoires pour les sociétés ayant un rendement en matière de durabilité sous la moyenne de l'industrie. L'article examine les conséquences de nos résultats sur la théorie et la pratique.

Suggested Citation

  • Joseph A. Johnson & Jochen Theis & Adam Vitalis & Donald Young, 2020. "The Influence of Firms' Emissions Management Strategy Disclosures on Investors' Valuation Judgments†," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(2), pages 642-664, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:37:y:2020:i:2:p:642-664
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12545
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    1. Göttsche, Max & Habermann, Florian & Sieber, Sebastian, 2024. "The materiality of non-financial tax disclosure: Experimental evidence," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    2. Tsang, Albert & Frost, Tracie & Cao, Huijuan, 2023. "Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure: A literature review," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 55(1).
    3. Amanda Sanseverino & Jimena González-Ramírez & Kelly Cwik, 2024. "Do ESG progress disclosures influence investment decisions?," International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(1), pages 107-126, March.
    4. Jochen Theis & Marvin Nipper, 2021. "The Impact of Executives’ Gender, Financial Incentives, and Shareholder Pressure on Corporate Social and Ecological Investments," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 73(3), pages 307-338, December.

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